Deploy Single-Node MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore 5.5 with MariaDB Enterprise Server 10.5 on Debian 10

Disable AppArmor (Debian/Ubuntu/SLES)

AppArmor must be disabled before installing MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore.

1. Disable AppArmor:

   $ sudo systemctl disable apparmor
   

2. Reboot the system.

3. Confirm that no AppArmor profiles are loaded using aa-status:

   $ sudo aa-status
   

   Example output:

   apparmor module is loaded.
   0 profiles are loaded.
   0 profiles are in enforce mode.
   0 profiles are in complain mode.
   0 processes have profiles defined.
   0 processes are in enforce mode.
   0 processes are in complain mode.
   0 processes are unconfined but have a profile defined.
   

Create an S3 Bucket

If you want to use S3-compatible storage, it is important to create the S3 bucket before you start ColumnStore.

If you already have an S3 bucket, confirm that the bucket is empty.

We will configure Enterprise ColumnStore to use the S3 bucket later in the Configure the S3 Storage Manager section.

Install Enterprise ColumnStore via APT (Debian/Ubuntu)

1. Retrieve your Customer Download Token at https://customers.mariadb.com/downloads/token/ and substitute for customer_download_token in the following directions.

2. Configure the APT package repository.

   MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore 5.5 is available on MariaDB Enterprise Server 10.5.

   To configure APT package repositories:

   $ sudo apt install wget
   
   $ wget https://dlm.mariadb.com/enterprise-release-helpers/mariadb_es_repo_setup
   
   $ echo "c78db828709d94876406a0ea346f13fbc38e73996795903f40e3c21385857dd4  mariadb_es_repo_setup" \
       | sha256sum -c -
   
   $ chmod +x mariadb_es_repo_setup
   
   $ sudo ./mariadb_es_repo_setup --token="customer_download_token" --apply \
      --mariadb-server-version="10.5"
   
   $ sudo apt update
   

3. Install some additional dependencies for Enterprise ColumnStore.

   On Debian 10 and Ubuntu 20.04, install the following:

   $ sudo apt install libjemalloc2
   

4. Install MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore and package dependencies:

   $ sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-backup \
      libmariadb3 mariadb-client \
      mariadb-plugin-columnstore
   

5. Configure MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore.

   Installation only loads MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore to the system. MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore requires configuration and additional post-installation steps before the database server is ready for use.

Enterprise Server Configuration

MariaDB Enterprise Server can be configured in the following ways:

• System variables and options can be set in a configuration file (such as /etc/my.cnf). MariaDB Enterprise Server must be restarted to apply changes made to the configuration file.

• System variables and options can be set on the command-line.

• If a system variable supports dynamic changes, then it can be set on-the-fly using the SET statement.

Configuration Files

MariaDB's packages include several bundled configuration files. It is also possible to create custom configuration files.

On Debian and Ubuntu, MariaDB's packages bundle the following configuration files:

• /etc/mysql/my.cnf

• /etc/mysql/mariadb.cnf

• /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-client.cnf

• /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-mysql-clients.cnf

• /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-mysqld_safe.cnf

• /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/50-server.cnf

• /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/60-galera.cnf

• /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/mariadb-enterprise.cnf

And on Debian and Ubuntu, custom configuration files from the following directories are read by default:

• /etc/mysql/conf.d/

• /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/

Configuring MariaDB for Enterprise ColumnStore

1. Determine which system variables and options you need to configure.

   Mandatory system variables and options for single-node MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore include:

   System Variable/Option	Description
   character_set_server	Set this system variable to utf8
   collation_server	Set this system variable to utf8_general_ci
   columnstore_use_import_for_batchinsert	Set this system variable to ALWAYS to always use cpimport for LOAD DATA INFILE and INSERT...SELECT statements.

2. Choose a configuration file in which to configure your system variables and options.

   We recommend not making custom changes to one of the bundled configuration files. Instead, create a custom configuration file in one of the included directories. Configuration files in included directories are read in alphabetical order. If you want your custom configuration file to override the bundled configuration files, it is a good idea to prefix the custom configuration file's name with a string that will be sorted last, such as z-.

   • On Debian and Ubuntu, a good custom configuration file would be: /etc/mysql/mariadb.conf.d/z-custom-my.cnf

3. Set your system variables and options in the configuration file.

   They need to be set in a group that will be read by mariadbd, such as [mariadb] or [server].

   For example:

   [mariadb]
   log_error                              = mariadbd.err
   character_set_server                   = utf8
   collation_server                       = utf8_general_ci
   columnstore_use_import_for_batchinsert = ALWAYS
   

Configure Cross Engine Joins

When a cross engine join is executed, the ExeMgr process connects to the server using the root user with no password by default. MariaDB Enterprise Server 10.5 will reject this login attempt by default. If you plan to use Cross Engine Joins, you need to configure Enterprise ColumnStore to use a different user account and password. These directions are for configuring the cross engine join user. Directions for creating the cross engine join user are in the Create the Cross Engine Join User section.

To configure cross engine joins, perform the following steps, use the mcsSetConfig command.

For example, to configure Enterprise ColumnStore to use the cross_engine user account to connect to the server at 127.0.0.1:

$ sudo mcsSetConfig CrossEngineSupport Host 127.0.0.1
$ sudo mcsSetConfig CrossEngineSupport Port 3306
$ sudo mcsSetConfig CrossEngineSupport User cross_engine
$ sudo mcsSetConfig CrossEngineSupport Password cross_engine_passwd

Configure the S3 Storage Manager

MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore can use S3-compatible storage, but it is not required. S3-compatible storage must be configured before it can be used.

To configure Enterprise ColumnStore to use S3-compatible storage, edit /etc/columnstore/storagemanager.cnf:

[ObjectStorage]
…
service = S3
…
[S3]
bucket = your_columnstore_bucket_name
endpoint = your_s3_endpoint
aws_access_key_id = your_s3_access_key_id
aws_secret_access_key = your_s3_secret_key
# iam_role_name = your_iam_role
# sts_region = your_sts_region
# sts_endpoint = your_sts_endpoint

[Cache]
cache_size = your_local_cache_size
path = your_local_cache_path

• The default local cache size is 2 GB.

• The default local cache path is /var/lib/columnstore/storagemanager/cache.

• Ensure that the local cache path has sufficient store space to store the local cache.

• The bucket option must be set to the name of the bucket that you created in the Create an S3 Bucket step.

• To use an IAM role, you must also uncomment and set iam_role_name, sts_region, and sts_endpoint.

Start the Enterprise ColumnStore Processes

The Enterprise Server and Enterprise ColumnStore processes can be started using the systemctl command. In case the processes were started during the installation process, use the restart command to ensure that the processes pick up the new configuration. Perform the following procedure.

1. Start the MariaDB Enterprise Server process and configure it to start automatically:

   $ sudo systemctl restart mariadb
   $ sudo systemctl enable mariadb
   

2. Start the MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore processes and configure them to start automatically:

   $ sudo systemctl restart mariadb-columnstore
   $ sudo systemctl enable mariadb-columnstore
   

Create the Cross Engine Join User

The credentials for cross engine joins were previously configured in the Cross Engine Joins section. The user account must also be created and granted the necessary privileges to access data.

1. Connect to the server using MariaDB Client using the root@localhost user account:

   $ sudo mariadb
   

2. Create the user account with the CREATE USER statement:

   CREATE USER 'cross_engine'@'127.0.0.1'
      IDENTIFIED BY "cross_engine_passwd";
   
   CREATE USER 'cross_engine'@'localhost'
      IDENTIFIED BY "cross_engine_passwd";
   

   Note

   Please choose the same user name and password that was configured in the Cross Engine Joins section.

3. Grant the user account SELECT privileges on all databases with the GRANT statement:

   GRANT SELECT ON *.*
      TO 'cross_engine'@'127.0.0.1';
   
   GRANT SELECT ON *.*
      TO 'cross_engine'@'localhost';
   

Import the Schema

Before data can be imported into the tables, the schema needs to be created.

1. Connect to the server using MariaDB Client using the root@localhost user account:

   $ sudo mariadb
   

2. For each database that you are importing, create the database with the CREATE DATABASE statement:

   CREATE DATABASE inventory;
   

3. For each table that you are importing, create the table with the CREATE TABLE statement:

   CREATE TABLE inventory.products (
      product_name varchar(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
      supplier varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
      quantity varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
      unit_cost varchar(128) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''
   ) ENGINE=Columnstore DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
   

cpimport

MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore includes cpimport, which is a command-line utility that is designed to efficiently load data in bulk.

To import your data from a TSV (tab-separated values) file with cpimport:

$ sudo cpimport -s '\t' inventory products /tmp/inventory-products.tsv

LOAD DATA INFILE

When data is loaded with the LOAD DATA INFILE statement, MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore loads the data using cpimport, which is a command-line utility that is designed to efficiently load data in bulk.

To import your data from a TSV (tab-separated values) file with LOAD DATA INFILE statement:

LOAD DATA INFILE '/tmp/inventory-products.tsv'
INTO TABLE inventory.products;

Import from Remote Database

MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore can also import data directly from a remote database. A simple method is to query the table using the SELECT statement, and then pipe the results into cpimport, which is a command-line utility that is designed to efficiently load data in bulk.

To import your data from a remote MariaDB database:

$ mariadb --quick \
   --skip-column-names \
   --execute="SELECT * FROM inventory.products" \
   | cpimport -s '\t' inventory products

Configure AppArmor (Debian/Ubuntu/SLES)

We disabled AppArmor in the Disable AppArmor section, but we have to create an AppArmor profile for Enterprise ColumnStore before re-enabling it. This will ensure that AppArmor does not interfere with Enterprise ColumnStore's functionality.

For information on how to create a profile, see How to create an AppArmor Profile on ubuntu.com.

Enterprise Server Administration

MariaDB Enterprise Server uses systemctl to start and stop the server processes:

Enterprise ColumnStore Administration

MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore uses systemctl to start and stop the ColumnStore processes:

Checking Server Status

1. Connect to the server using MariaDB Client using the root@localhost user account:

   $ sudo mariadb
   Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
   Your MariaDB connection id is 38
   Server version: 10.5.8-5-MariaDB-Enterprise MariaDB Enterprise Server
   
   Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
   
   Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
   
   MariaDB [(none)]>