> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://mariadb.com/docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://mariadb.com/docs/gridgain/gridgain-9/reference/sql/sql-conformance/supported-features.md).

# Supported Features

ANSI SQL:2016 features that GridGain 9 supports out of the box, with the support level and any limitations for each feature and subfeature.

GridGain supports most of the major features of ANSI SQL 2016 standard out-of-the-box. The following table shows the features supported in GridGain:

| Feature ID | Feature Name                                             | Subfeature ID | Subfeature Name                                                                                                    | Support Level | Limitations                                                                  |
| ---------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| E011       | Numeric data types                                       | E011          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E011       | Numeric data types                                       | E011-01       | INTEGER and SMALLINT data types                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E011       | Numeric data types                                       | E011-02       | REAL, DOUBLE PRECISION, and FLOAT data types                                                                       | Full          |                                                                              |
| E011       | Numeric data types                                       | E011-03       | DECIMAL and NUMERIC data types                                                                                     | Full          | DEC and NUMERIC types are not supported                                      |
| E011       | Numeric data types                                       | E011-04       | Arithmetic operators                                                                                               | Full          |                                                                              |
| E011       | Numeric data types                                       | E011-05       | Numeric comparison                                                                                                 | Full          |                                                                              |
| E011       | Numeric data types                                       | E011-06       | Implicit casting among the numeric data types                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character data types                                     | E021          |                                                                                                                    | Full          | CHARACTER type cannot be used in table definition                            |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-01       | CHARACTER data type                                                                                                | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-02       | CHARACTER VARYING data type                                                                                        | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-03       | Character literals                                                                                                 | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-04       | CHARACTER\_LENGTH function                                                                                         | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-05       | OCTET\_LENGTH function                                                                                             | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-06       | SUBSTRING function                                                                                                 | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-07       | Character concatenation                                                                                            | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-08       | UPPER and LOWER functions                                                                                          | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-09       | TRIM function                                                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-10       | Implicit casting among the character string types                                                                  | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-11       | POSITION function                                                                                                  | Full          |                                                                              |
| E021       | Character string types                                   | E021-12       | Character comparison                                                                                               | Full          |                                                                              |
| E031       | Identifiers                                              | E031          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E031       | Identifiers                                              | E031-01       | Delimited identifiers                                                                                              | Full          |                                                                              |
| E031       | Identifiers                                              | E031-02       | Lower case identifiers                                                                                             | Full          |                                                                              |
| E031       | Identifiers                                              | E031-03       | Trailing underscore                                                                                                | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051-01       | SELECT DISTINCT                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051-02       | GROUP BY clause                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051-04       | GROUP BY can contain columns not in \<select list>                                                                 | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051-05       | Select list items can be renamed                                                                                   | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051-06       | HAVING clause                                                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051-07       | Qualified \* in select list                                                                                        | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051-08       | Correlation names in the FROM clause                                                                               | Full          |                                                                              |
| E051       | Basic query specification                                | E051-09       | Rename columns in the FROM clause                                                                                  | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-01       | Comparison predicate                                                                                               | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-02       | BETWEEN predicate                                                                                                  | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-03       | IN predicate with list of values                                                                                   | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-04       | LIKE predicate                                                                                                     | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-05       | LIKE predicate ESCAPE clause                                                                                       | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-06       | NULL predicate                                                                                                     | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-07       | Quantified comparison predicate                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-08       | EXISTS predicate                                                                                                   | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-09       | Subqueries in comparison predicate                                                                                 | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-11       | Subqueries in IN predicate                                                                                         | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-12       | Subqueries in quantified comparison predicate                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-13       | Correlated subqueries                                                                                              | Full          |                                                                              |
| E061       | Basic predicates and search conditions                   | E061-14       | Search condition                                                                                                   | Full          |                                                                              |
| E071       | Basic query expressions                                  | E071          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E071       | Basic query expressions                                  | E071-01       | UNION DISTINCT table operator                                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| E071       | Basic query expressions                                  | E071-02       | UNION ALL table operator                                                                                           | Full          |                                                                              |
| E071       | Basic query expressions                                  | E071-03       | EXCEPT DISTINCT table operator                                                                                     | Full          |                                                                              |
| E071       | Basic query expressions                                  | E071-05       | Columns combined via table operators need not have exactly the same data type                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| E071       | Basic query expressions                                  | E071-06       | Table operators in subqueries                                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| E091       | Set functions                                            | E091          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E091       | Set functions                                            | E091-01       | AVG                                                                                                                | Full          |                                                                              |
| E091       | Set functions                                            | E091-02       | COUNT                                                                                                              | Full          |                                                                              |
| E091       | Set functions                                            | E091-03       | MAX                                                                                                                | Full          |                                                                              |
| E091       | Set functions                                            | E091-04       | MIN                                                                                                                | Full          |                                                                              |
| E091       | Set functions                                            | E091-05       | SUM                                                                                                                | Full          |                                                                              |
| E091       | Set functions                                            | E091-06       | ALL quantifier                                                                                                     | Full          |                                                                              |
| E091       | Set functions                                            | E091-07       | DISTINCT quantifier                                                                                                | Full          |                                                                              |
| E101       | Basic data manipulation                                  | E101          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E101       | Basic data manipulation                                  | E101-01       | INSERT statement                                                                                                   | Full          |                                                                              |
| E101       | Basic data manipulation                                  | E101-03       | Searched UPDATE statement                                                                                          | Full          |                                                                              |
| E101       | Basic data manipulation                                  | E101-04       | Searched DELETE statement                                                                                          | Full          |                                                                              |
| E111       | Single row SELECT statement                              | E111          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E131       | Null value support (nulls in lieu of values)             | E131          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E141       | Basic integrity constraints                              | E141          |                                                                                                                    | Partial       | NOT NULL and PRIMARY KEY constraints.                                        |
| E141       | Basic integrity constraints                              | E141-01       | NOT NULL constraints                                                                                               | Full          |                                                                              |
| E141       | Basic integrity constraints                              | E141-03       | PRIMARY KEY constraints                                                                                            | Full          |                                                                              |
| E141       | Basic integrity constraints                              | E141-07       | Column defaults                                                                                                    | Partial       | Literals, RAND\_UUID function, CURRENT\_TIMESTAMP + INTERVAL literal         |
| E141       | Basic integrity constraints                              | E141-08       | NOT NULL inferred on PRIMARY KEY                                                                                   | Full          |                                                                              |
| E151       | Transaction support                                      | E151          |                                                                                                                    | Partial       |                                                                              |
| E151       | Transaction support                                      | E151-01       | COMMIT statement                                                                                                   | Partial       | Only in SQL scripts. No options.                                             |
| E151       | Transaction support                                      | E151-02       | ROLLBACK statement                                                                                                 | Partial       | Only in SQL scripts. No options. Savepoints are not supported                |
| E153       | Updatable queries with subqueries                        | E153          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| E161       | SQL comments using leading double minus                  | E161          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F031       | Basic schema manipulation                                | F031          |                                                                                                                    | Partial       | CREATE TABLE, ALTER TABLE, DROP TABLE                                        |
| F031       | Basic schema manipulation                                | F031-01       | CREATE TABLE statement to create persistent base tables                                                            | Partial       | CREATE TABLE must always specify primary key                                 |
| F031       | Basic schema manipulation                                | F031-04       | ALTER TABLE statement: ADD COLUMN clause                                                                           | Full          |                                                                              |
| F033       | ALTER TABLE statement: DROP COLUMN clause                | F033          |                                                                                                                    | Partial       | DROP behaviour is not supported                                              |
| F041       | Basic joined table                                       | F041          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F041       | Basic joined table                                       | F041-01       | Inner join (but not necessarily the INNER keyword)                                                                 | Full          |                                                                              |
| F041       | Basic joined table                                       | F041-02       | INNER keyword                                                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| F041       | Basic joined table                                       | F041-03       | LEFT OUTER JOIN                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F041       | Basic joined table                                       | F041-04       | RIGHT OUTER JOIN                                                                                                   | Full          |                                                                              |
| F041       | Basic joined table                                       | F041-05       | Outer joins can be nested                                                                                          | Full          |                                                                              |
| F041       | Basic joined table                                       | F041-07       | The inner table in a left or right outer join can also be used in an inner join                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F041       | Basic joined table                                       | F041-08       | All comparison operators are supported (rather than just =)                                                        | Full          |                                                                              |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051-01       | DATE data type (including support of DATE literal)                                                                 | Full          |                                                                              |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051-02       | TIME data type (including support of TIME literal) with fractional seconds precision of at least 0                 | Partial       | TIME WITH TIME ZONE type is not supported. Does not support sub-ms precision |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051-03       | TIMESTAMP data type (including support of TIMESTAMP literal) with fractional seconds precision of at least 0 and 6 | Partial       | TIMESTAMP WITH TIME ZONE is not supported. Does not support sub-ms precision |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051-04       | Comparison predicate on DATE, TIME, and TIMESTAMP data types                                                       | Full          |                                                                              |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051-05       | Explicit CAST between datetime types and character string types                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051-06       | CURRENT\_DATE                                                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051-07       | LOCALTIME                                                                                                          | Full          |                                                                              |
| F051       | Basic date and time                                      | F051-08       | LOCALTIMESTAMP                                                                                                     | Full          |                                                                              |
| F052       | Intervals and datetime arithmetic                        | F052          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F171       | Multiple schemas per user                                | F171          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F201       | CAST function                                            | F201          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F221       | Explicit defaults                                        | F221          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F261       | CASE expression                                          | F261          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F261       | CASE expression                                          | F261-01       | Simple CASE                                                                                                        | Full          |                                                                              |
| F261       | CASE expression                                          | F261-02       | Searched CASE                                                                                                      | Full          |                                                                              |
| F261       | CASE expression                                          | F261-03       | NULLIF                                                                                                             | Full          |                                                                              |
| F261       | CASE expression                                          | F261-04       | COALESCE                                                                                                           | Full          |                                                                              |
| F302       | INTERSECT table operator                                 | F302          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F302       | INTERSECT table operator                                 | F302-01       | INTERSECT DISTINCT table operator                                                                                  | Full          |                                                                              |
| F302       | INTERSECT table operator                                 | F302-02       | INTERSECT ALL table operator                                                                                       | Full          |                                                                              |
| F304       | EXCEPT ALL table operator                                | F304          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F311       | Schema definition statement                              | F311          |                                                                                                                    | Partial       |                                                                              |
| F311       | Schema definition statement                              | F311-01       | CREATE SCHEMA                                                                                                      | Full          | Schema elements are not supported                                            |
| F381       | Extended schema manipulation                             | F381-01       | ALTER TABLE statement: ALTER COLUMN clause                                                                         | Partial       | Default can not be set to non-constant in most cases. See DDL docs           |
| F391       | Long identifiers                                         | F391          |                                                                                                                    | Full          | Up to 128 characters                                                         |
| F392       | Unicode escapes in identifiers                           | F392          |                                                                                                                    | Partial       | Partial support of unicode escapes                                           |
| F401       | Extended joined table                                    | F401          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F401       | Extended joined table                                    | F401-01       | NATURAL JOIN                                                                                                       | Full          |                                                                              |
| F401       | Extended joined table                                    | F401-02       | FULL OUTER JOIN                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F401       | Extended joined table                                    | F401-04       | CROSS JOIN                                                                                                         | Full          |                                                                              |
| F404       | Range variable for common column names                   | F404          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F411       | Time zone specification                                  | F411          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F471       | Scalar subquery values                                   | F471          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F561       | Full value expressions                                   | F561          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F571       | Truth value tests                                        | F571          |                                                                                                                    | Partial       | UNKNOWN is not supported                                                     |
| F591       | Derived tables                                           | F591          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F661       | Simple tables                                            | F661          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F781       | Self-referencing operations                              | F781          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F850       | Top-level \<order by clause> in \<query expression>      | F850          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F851       | \<order by clause> in subqueries                         | F851          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F855       | Nested \<order by clause> in \<query expression>         | F855          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F861       | Top-level \<result offset clause> in \<query expression> | F861          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F862       | \<result offset clause> in subqueries                    | F862          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| F863       | Nested \<result offset clause> in \<query expression>    | F863          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T021       | BINARY and VARBINARY data types                          | T021          |                                                                                                                    | Full          | BINARY type cannot be used in table definition                               |
| T031       | BOOLEAN data type                                        | T031          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T071       | BIGINT data type                                         | T071          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T121       | WITH (excluding RECURSIVE) in query expression           | T121          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T122       | WITH (excluding RECURSIVE) in subquery                   | T122          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T141       | SIMILAR predicate                                        | T141          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T151       | DISTINCT predicate                                       | T151          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T152       | DISTINCT predicate with negation                         | T152          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T285       | Enhanced derived column names                            | T285          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T312       | OVERLAY function                                         | T312          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T351       | Bracketed SQL comments (/*...*/ comments)                | T351          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T431       | Extended grouping capabilities                           | T431          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T433       | Multiargument GROUPING function                          | T433          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T434       | GROUP BY DISTINCT                                        | T434          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T441       | ABS and MOD functions                                    | T441          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T501       | Enhanced EXISTS predicate                                | T501          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T551       | Optional key words for default syntax                    | T551          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T621       | Enhanced numeric functions                               | T621          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T622       | Trigonometric functions                                  | T622          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T623       | General logarithm functions                              | T623          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T624       | Common logarithm functions                               | T624          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T631       | IN predicate with one list element                       | T631          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T828       | JSON\_QUERY                                              | T828          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T829       | JSON\_QUERY: array wrapper options                       | T829          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |
| T839       | Formatted cast of datetimes to/from character strings    | T839          |                                                                                                                    | Full          |                                                                              |