Installing MariaDB .deb Files

Installing MariaDB with APT

On Debian, Ubuntu, and other similar Linux distributions, it is highly recommended to install the relevant .deb packages from MariaDB's repository using apt, aptitude, Ubuntu Software Center, Synaptic Package Manager, or another package manager.

This page walks you through the simple installation steps using apt.

Adding the MariaDB APT repository

We currently have APT repositories for the following Linux distributions:

• Debian 11 (Bullseye)

• Debian 12 (Bookworm)

• Debian 13 (Trixie)

• Debian Unstable (Sid)

Using the MariaDB Package Repository Setup Script

If you want to install MariaDB with apt, then you can configure apt to install from MariaDB Corporation's MariaDB Package Repository by using the .

MariaDB Corporation provides a MariaDB Package Repository for several Linux distributions that use apt to manage packages. This repository contains software packages related to MariaDB Server, including the server itself, , , , and . The MariaDB Package Repository setup script automatically configures your system to install packages from the MariaDB Package Repository.

To use the script, execute the following command:

Note that this script also configures a repository for and a repository for MariaDB Tools, which currently only contains and its dependencies.

See for more information.

Using the MariaDB Repository Configuration Tool

If you want to install MariaDB with apt, then you can configure apt to install from MariaDB Foundation's MariaDB Repository by using the .

The MariaDB Foundation provides a MariaDB repository for several Linux distributions that use apt-get to manage packages. This repository contains software packages related to MariaDB Server, including the server itself, , , , and . The MariaDB Repository Configuration Tool can easily generate the appropriate commands to add the repository for your distribution.

There are several ways to add the repository.

Executing add-apt-repository

One way to add an apt repository is by using the command. This command will add the repository configuration to /etc/apt/sources.list.

For example, if you wanted to use the repository to install on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic), then you could use the following commands to add the MariaDB apt repository:

And then you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

Creating a Source List File

Another way to add an apt repository is by creating a file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/.

For example, if you wanted to use the repository to install on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic), then you could create the MariaDB.list file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ with the following contents to add the MariaDB apt repository:

And then you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

Using Ubuntu Software Center

Another way to add an apt repository is by using .

You can do this by going to the Software Sources window. This window can be opened either by navigating to Edit > Software Sources or by navigating to System > Administration > Software Sources.

Once the Software Sources window is open, go to the Other Software tab, and click the Add button. At that point, you can input the repository information provided by the .

See for more information.

Using Synaptic Package Manager

Another way to add an apt repository is by using .

You can do this by going to the Software Sources window. This window can be opened either by navigating to System > Administrator > Software Sources or by navigating to Settings > Repositories.

Once the Software Sources window is open, go to the Other Software tab, and click the Add button. At that point, you can input the repository information provided by the .

See for more information.

Pinning the MariaDB Repository to a Specific Minor Release

If you wish to pin the apt repository to a specific minor release, or if you would like to downgrade to a specific minor release, then you can create a apt repository with the URL hard-coded to that specific minor release.

The MariaDB Foundation archives repositories of old minor releases at the following URL:

Archives are only of the distros and architectures supported at the time of release. For example, exists for Ubuntu bionic, focal, jammy, kinetic, and #lunaris obtained looking in [dists](https://archive.mariadb.org/mariadb-10.6.21/repo/ubuntu/dists).

For example, if you wanted to pin your repository to on Ubuntu 20.04 LTS (Focal), then you would have to first remove any existing MariaDB repository source list file from /etc/apt/sources.list.d/. And then you could use the following commands to add the MariaDB apt-get repository:

Ensure you have the .

Ubuntu Xenial and older will need:

And then you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

Updating the MariaDB APT repository to a New Major Release

MariaDB's apt repository can be updated to a new major release. How this is done depends on how you originally configured the repository.

Updating the Major Release with the MariaDB Package Repository Setup Script

If you configured apt to install from MariaDB Corporation's MariaDB Package Repository by using the , then you can update the major release that the repository uses by running the script again.

Updating the Major Release with the MariaDB Repository Configuration Tool

If you configured apt to install from MariaDB Foundation's MariaDB Repository by using the , then you can update the major release in various ways, depending on how you originally added the repository.

Updating a Repository with add-apt-repository

If you added the apt repository by using the command, then you can update the major release that the repository uses by using the command again.

First, look for the repository string for the old version in /etc/apt/sources.list.

And then, you can remove the repository for the old version by executing the command and providing the --remove option. For example, if you wanted to remove a repository, then you could do so by executing something like the following:

After that, you can add the repository for the new version with the command. For example, if you wanted to use the repository to install on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic), then you could use the following commands to add the MariaDB apt repository:

And then you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

After that, the repository should refer to and you can .

Updating a Source List File

If you added the apt repository by creating a file in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/, then you can update the major release that the repository uses by updating the source list file in-place. For example, if you wanted to change the repository from to , and if the source list file was at /etc/apt/sources.list.d/MariaDB.list, then you could execute the following:

And then you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

After that, the repository should refer to and you can .

Importing the MariaDB GPG Public Key

Before MariaDB can be installed, you also have to import the GPG public key that is used to verify the digital signatures of the packages in our repositories. This allows the apt utility to verify the integrity of the packages that it installs.

• Prior to Debian 9 (Stretch), and Debian Unstable (Sid), and Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial), the id of our GPG public key is 0xcbcb082a1bb943db. The full key fingerprint is:

The utility can be used to import this key. For example:

• Starting with Debian 9 (Stretch) and Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial), the id of our GPG public key is 0xF1656F24C74CD1D8. The full key fingerprint is:

The utility can be used to import this key. For example:

Starting with Debian 9 (Stretch), the package needs to be installed before the GPG public key can be imported. To install it, execute: sudo apt install dirmngr

If you are unsure which GPG public key you need, then it is perfectly safe to import both keys.

The command used to import the GPG public key is the same on both Debian and Ubuntu. For example:

Once the GPG public key is imported, you are ready to install packages from the repository.

Installing MariaDB Packages with APT

After the apt repository is configured, you can install MariaDB by executing the command. The specific command that you would use would depend on which specific packages that you want to install.

Installing the Most Common Packages with APT

To Install the most common packages, first you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

To Install the most common packages, execute the following command:

Installing MariaDB Server with APT

To Install MariaDB Server, first you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

Then, execute the following command:

Installing MariaDB Galera Cluster with APT

The process to install MariaDB Galera Cluster with the MariaDB apt-get repository is practically the same as installing standard MariaDB Server.

Galera Cluster support is included in the standard MariaDB Server packages, so you will need to install the mariadb-server package, as you normally would.

You also need to install the galera-4 package to obtain the 4 wsrep provider library.

To install MariaDB Galera Cluster, first you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

To install MariaDB Galera Cluster, you could execute the following command:

MariaDB Galera Cluster also has a separate package that can be installed on arbitrator nodes. The package is called galera-arbitrator-4. This package should be installed on whatever node you want to serve as the arbitrator. It can either run on a separate server that is not acting as a cluster node, which is the recommended configuration, or it can run on a server that is also acting as an existing cluster node.

To install the arbitrator package, you could execute the following command:

<>

See Galera for more information on MariaDB Galera Cluster.

Installing MariaDB Clients and Client Libraries with APT

is included as the client library.

To Install the clients and client libraries, first you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

Then, execute the following command:

Installing mariadb-backup with APT

To install , first you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

Then, execute the following command:

Installing Plugins with APT

Some may also need to be installed.

For example, to install the password validation plugin, first you would have to update the package cache by executing the following command:

Then, execute the following command:

Installing Older Versions from the Repository

The MariaDB apt repository contains the last few versions of MariaDB. To show what versions are available, use the command:

There will be a lot of output, but in the "Provides" section at the end of the output you will see the available versions. For example:

In the above example there are four versions available, two from the MariaDB repositories, and two from the Ubuntu repositories. The versions from MariaDB have "maria" in the version number, and the versions from Ubuntu have "ubuntu" in the version number.

To install an older version of a package instead of the latest version we just need to specify the package name, an equal sign, and then the complete version number. From the example above, the complete version number for MariaDB 12.0.2 is: 1:12.0.2+maria~ubu2404

However, when installing an older version of a package, apt will automatically choose to install the latest versions of any dependencies, which doesn't work for dependencies of the mariadb-server package like mariadb-client and mariadb-server-core.

To ensure that all MariaDB packages are on the same version in this scenario, it is necessary to specify them all. Therefore, to install the 12.0.2 version of the mariadb-server package from this apt repository, we would do the following (using a variable to hold the version number, and putting each package on its own line so things are cleaner):

For MariaDB Enterprise, version numbers are similar, but have an extra point. For example, MariaDB Enterprise Server 11.8.5-2 for Ubuntu 24.04 Noble has the version number: 1:11.8.5.2+maria~ubu2404 .

The rest of the install and setup process is as normal.

Installing MariaDB with dpkg

While it is not recommended, it is possible to download and install the.deb packages manually. However, it is generally recommended to use a package manager like apt-get.

A tarball that contains the .deb packages can be downloaded from the following URL:

For example, to install the .deb packages on Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Bionic), you could execute the following:

After Installation

After the installation is complete, you can start MariaDB.

If you are using , then keep in mind that the first node will have to be .

Upgrading to a new version of MariaDB

After updating your repository configuration to move from the repository of one version of MariaDB to a newer version, as per the previous instructions, you will need to upgrade the MariaDB packages, this is done with:

Alternatively you can also run the following to installing the new version:

The reason for specifying the galera-4 package is to ensure the correct updated version of Galera is installed along with the new server version, replacing the versions that were there before.

Available DEB Packages

The available DEB packages depend on the specific MariaDB release series.

Available DEB Packages

For MariaDB, the following DEBs are available:

Actions Performed by DEB Packages

Users and Groups Created

When the mariadb-server DEB package is installed, it will create a user and group named mysql, if they do not already exist.

See Also

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