WEBINAR
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Calculate Cosine distance. This function computes the Cosine distance between two vectors, measuring the cosine of the angle between them.
VEC_DISTANCE_COSINE(v, s)VEC_Distance_Cosine is an SQL function that calculates the between two (not necessarily normalized) vectors.
Vectors must be of the same length. A distance between two vectors of different lengths is not defined, and VEC_Distance_Cosine will return NULL in such cases.
If the vector index was not built for the cosine function (see ), the index is not used — a full table scan is performed instead. The function is a generic function that behaves either as or VEC_DISTANCE_COSINE, depending on the underlying index type.
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SELECT VEC_DISTANCE_COSINE(vec_fromtext('[1,2,3]'), vec_fromtext('[3,5,7]'));
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| VEC_DISTANCE_COSINE(vec_fromtext('[1,2,3]'), vec_fromtext('[3,5,7]')) |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 0.00258509695694209 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------+Convert text to vector. This function parses a JSON array string representation of a vector and converts it into the binary VECTOR data type.
SELECT HEX(vec_fromtext('[1,2,3]'));
+------------------------------+
| HEX(vec_fromtext('[1,2,3]')) |
+------------------------------+
| 0000803F0000004000004040 |
+------------------------------+Convert vector to text. This function takes a binary VECTOR data type and returns its JSON array string representation.
SELECT VEC_ToText(x'e360d63ebe554f3fcdbc523f4522193f5236083d');
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| VEC_ToText(x'e360d63ebe554f3fcdbc523f4522193f5236083d') |
+---------------------------------------------------------+
| [0.418708,0.809902,0.823193,0.598179,0.033255] |
+---------------------------------------------------------+SELECT VEC_ToText(x'aabbcc');
+-----------------------+
| VEC_ToText(x'aabbcc') |
+-----------------------+
| NULL |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set, 1 warning (0.000 sec)
Warning (Code 4201): Invalid binary vector format. Must use IEEE standard float
representation in little-endian format. Use VEC_FromText() to generate it.WEBINAR
The Next Generation of MariaDB: Powered by Vector Search
WEBINAR
The Next Generation of MariaDB: Powered by Vector Search
WEBINAR
The Next Generation of MariaDB: Powered by Vector Search
Calculate Euclidean distance. This function computes the Euclidean (L2) distance between two vectors, representing the straight-line distance.
VEC_Distance_Euclidean is an SQL function that calculates a Euclidean (L2) distance between two points.
Vectors must be of the same length, a distance between two vectors of different lengths is not defined and VEC_Distance_Euclidean returns NULL in such cases.
If the vector index was not built for the euclidean function (see ), the index is not used, and a full table scan performed instead. The function is a generic function that behaves either as VEC_DISTANCE_EUCLIDEAN or , depending on the underlying index type.
This page is licensed: CC BY-SA / Gnu FDL
VEC_DISTANCE_EUCLIDEAN(v, s)INSERT INTO v VALUES
(1, x'e360d63ebe554f3fcdbc523f4522193f5236083d'),
(2, x'f511303f72224a3fdd05fe3eb22a133ffae86a3f'),
(3,x'f09baa3ea172763f123def3e0c7fe53e288bf33e'),
(4,x'b97a523f2a193e3eb4f62e3f2d23583e9dd60d3f'),
(5,x'f7c5df3e984b2b3e65e59d3d7376db3eac63773e'),
(6,x'de01453ffa486d3f10aa4d3fdd66813c71cb163f'),
(7,x'76edfc3e4b57243f10f8423fb158713f020bda3e'),
(8,x'56926c3fdf098d3e2c8c5e3d1ad4953daa9d0b3e'),
(9,x'7b713f3e5258323f80d1113d673b2b3f66e3583f'),
(10,x'6ca1d43e9df91b3fe580da3e1c247d3f147cf33e');
SELECT id FROM v
ORDER BY VEC_Distance_Euclidean(v, x'6ca1d43e9df91b3fe580da3e1c247d3f147cf33e');
+----+
| id |
+----+
| 10 |
| 7 |
| 3 |
| 9 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| 5 |
| 4 |
| 6 |
| 8 |
+----+WEBINAR
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Explore vector functions. This section details SQL functions for manipulating and querying vector data types, enabling efficient similarity search and AI/ML applications within your database.
Calculate distance between vectors. This function computes the distance between two vectors using either Euclidean or Cosine metric, depending on the index.
VEC_DISTANCE is a generic function that behaves either as , calculating the Euclidean (L2) distance between two points. Or , calculating the Cosine distance between two vectors, depending on the underlying index type.
If the underlying index cannot be determined, an is returned:
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VEC_DISTANCE(v, s)WEBINAR
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ERROR 4206 (HY000): Cannot determine distance type for VEC_DISTANCE, index is not foundINSERT INTO v VALUES
(1, x'e360d63ebe554f3fcdbc523f4522193f5236083d'),
(2, x'f511303f72224a3fdd05fe3eb22a133ffae86a3f'),
(3,x'f09baa3ea172763f123def3e0c7fe53e288bf33e'),
(4,x'b97a523f2a193e3eb4f62e3f2d23583e9dd60d3f'),
(5,x'f7c5df3e984b2b3e65e59d3d7376db3eac63773e'),
(6,x'de01453ffa486d3f10aa4d3fdd66813c71cb163f'),
(7,x'76edfc3e4b57243f10f8423fb158713f020bda3e'),
(8,x'56926c3fdf098d3e2c8c5e3d1ad4953daa9d0b3e'),
(9,x'7b713f3e5258323f80d1113d673b2b3f66e3583f'),
(10,x'6ca1d43e9df91b3fe580da3e1c247d3f147cf33e');
SELECT id FROM v
ORDER BY VEC_DISTANCE(v, x'6ca1d43e9df91b3fe580da3e1c247d3f147cf33e');
+----+
| id |
+----+
| 10 |
| 7 |
| 3 |
| 9 |
| 2 |
| 1 |
| 5 |
| 4 |
| 6 |
| 8 |
+----+