Explore Aria clients and utilities for MariaDB Server. This section details specialized tools for managing and interacting with tables that utilize the Aria storage engine.
aria_pack is a tool for compressing Aria tables. The resulting tables are read-only, and usually about 40% to 70% smaller.
aria_pack is run as follows:
The file name is the .MAI index file. The extension can be omitted, although keeping it permits wildcards, for instance to compress all the files, such as:
aria_pack compresses each column separately. This means, when the resulting data is read, only the individual rows and columns required need to be decompressed, allowing for quicker reading.
Once a table has been packed, use aria_chk -rq (the quick and recover options) to rebuild its indexes.
The following variables can be set as command line options to aria_pack, or set in the [ariapack] section in your file:
To unpack a table compressed with aria_pack, use the option.
This page is licensed: CC BY-SA / Gnu FDL
aria_pack [options] file_name [file_name2...]aria_pack *.MAI--ignore-control-file
Ignore the control file.
This option is available from MariaDB 10.5.3.
-j, --join=name
Join all given tables into name. All tables must have identical layouts.
--require-control-file
Abort if the tool cannot find the control file.
This option is available from MariaDB 10.5.3.
-s, --silent
Only write output when an error occurs.
-t, --test
Don't pack table, only test packing it.
-T, --tmpdir=name
Use temporary directory to store temporary table.
-v, --verbose
Write info about progress and packing result. Use multiple -v options for more verbosity.
-V, --version
Output version information and exit.
-w, --wait
Wait and retry if table is in use.
-b, --backup
Make a backup of the table as table_name.OLD.
--character-sets-dir=name
Directory where character sets are located.
-h, --datadir
Path for control file (and logs if --logdir is not used).
This option is available from MariaDB 10.5.3.
-#, --debug[=name]
Output debug log. Often this is d:t:o,filename.
-?, --help
Display help and exit.
-f, --force
Force packing of table even if it gets bigger or if a temporary file exists.
> aria_pack /my/data/test/posts
Compressing /my/data/test/posts.MAD: (1690 records)
- Calculating statistics
- Compressing file
37.71%
> aria_chk -rq --ignore-control-file /my/data/test/posts
- check record delete-chain
- recovering (with keycache) Aria-table '/my/data/test/posts'
Data records: 1690
State updatedaria_chk is used to check, repair, optimize, sort and get information about Aria tables.
With the MariaDB server, you can use CHECK TABLE,REPAIR TABLE and OPTIMIZE TABLE to do similar things.
Note: aria_chk should not be used when MariaDB is running. MariaDB Server assumes that no one is changing the tables it's using.
Aria table information is stored in 2 files: the .MAI file contains base
table information and the index and the .MAD file contains the data.aria_chk takes one or more .MAI files as arguments.
The following groups are read from the my.cnf files:
[maria_chk]
[aria_chk]
The following options to handle option files may be given as the first argument:
--check is the default action for aria_chk:
When using --recover or --safe-recover' , these options are available:
The main usage of aria_chk is a fast check of all Aria tables in your system. This is faster than doing it in MariaDB, as you can allocate all free memory to the buffers.
Assuming you have a bit more than 2G free memory, the following commands, run in the MariaDB data directory, check all your tables and repairs only those that have an error:
To optimize all your tables, run this command (the --zerofill option is used here to fill up empty space with \0 which can speed up compressed backups):
In case you have a serious problem and have to use --safe-recover, run this command:
This page is licensed: CC BY-SA / Gnu FDL
--require-control-file
Abort if we can't find/read the maria_log_control file.
-s, --silent
Only print errors. You can use two -s options to make aria_chk very silent.
-t, --tmpdir=path
Path for temporary files. Multiple paths can be specified, separated by colon (:) on Unix or semicolon (;) on Windows. They are used in a round-robin fashion.
-v, --verbose
Print more information. This can be used with --description and --check. Use many -v options for more verbosity.
-V, --version
Print version and exit.
-w, --wait
Wait if table is locked.
-m, --medium-check
Faster than extend-check, and finds 99.99% of all errors. Should be good enough for most cases.
-U, --update-state
Mark tables as crashed if any errors were found and clean if check didn't find any errors but table was marked as 'not clean' before. This allows one to get rid of warnings like 'table not properly closed'. If table was updated, update also the timestamp for when the check was made. This option is on by default! Use --skip-update-state to disable.
-T, --read-only
Don't mark table as checked.
--max-record-length=#
Skip rows bigger than this if aria_chk can't allocate memory to hold it.
-r, --recover
Can fix almost anything except unique keys that aren't unique.
-n, --sort-recover
Forces recovering with sorting even if the temporary file would be very big.
-p, --parallel-recover
Uses the same technique as -r and -n , but creates all the keys in parallel, in different threads.
-o, --safe-recover
Uses an old recovery method, which is slower than using -r but can handle a couple of cases where -r reports that it can't fix the data file.
--transaction-log
Log repair command to transaction log. This is needed if one wants to use the maria_read_log option to repeat the repair.
--character-sets-dir=...
Directory where character sets are.
--set-collation=name
Change the collation used by the index.
-q, --quick
Faster repair by not modifying the data file. One can give a second '-q' to force aria_chk to modify the original datafile in case of duplicate keys.
Note: Tables with a corrupted ´ data file can't be fixed with this option.
-u, --unpack
Unpack file packed with .
-b, --block-search=#
Find a record, a block at given offset belongs to.
-z, --zerofill
Remove transaction id's from the data and index files and fills empty space in the data and index files with zeroes. Zerofilling makes it possible to move the table from one system to another without the server having to do an automatic zerofill. It also allows one to compress the tables better if one want to archive them.
--zerofill-keep-lsn
Like --zerofill but does not zero out LSN of data/index pages.
--print-defaults
Print the program argument list and exit.
--no-defaults
Don't read default options from any option file.
--defaults-file=#
Only read default options from the given file #.
--defaults-extra-file=#
Read this file after the global files are read.
-#, --debug=...
Output debug log. Often this is d:t:o,filename.
-H, --HELP
Display this help and exit.
-?, --help
Display this help and exit.
--datadir=path
Path for control file (and logs if the --logdir option is not used).
--ignore-control-file
Don't open the control file.
Use this only if you are sure the tables are not used by another program.
--logdir=path
Path for log files.
-c, --check
Check table for errors.
-e, --extend-check
Check the table very throughly. Only use this in extreme cases, as aria_chk should normally be able to find out if the table is okay, even without this switch.
-F, --fast
Check only tables that haven't been closed properly.
-C, --check-only-changed
Check only tables that have changed since last check.
-f, --force
Restart with -r if there are any errors in the table. States is updated as with --update-state.
-i, --information
Print statistics information about table that is checked.
-B, --backup
Make a backup of the .MAD file as filename-time.BAK'.
--correct-checksum
Correct checksum information for table.
-D, --data-file-length=#
Max length of data file (when recreating data file when it's full).
-e, --extend-check
Try to recover every possible row from the data file Normally this will also find a lot of garbage rows; Don't use this option if you are not totally desperate.
-f, --force
Overwrite old temporary files.
-k, --keys-used=#
Tell MariaDB to update only some specific keys. # is a bit mask of which keys to use. This can be used to get faster inserts.
-a, --analyze
Analyze distribution of keys. Will make some joins in MariaDB faster. You can check the calculated distribution by using --description --verbose`` table_name'.
--stats_method=name
Specifies how index statistics collection code should treat NULLs. Possible values of name are "nulls_unequal" (default for 4.1/5.0), "nulls_equal" (emulate 4.0), and "nulls_ignored".
-d, --description
Prints some information about table.
-A, --set-auto-increment[=value]
Force auto_increment to start at this or higher value If no value is given, then sets the next auto_increment value to the highest used value for the auto key + 1.
-S, --sort-index
Sort index blocks. This speeds up 'read-next' in applications.
-R, --sort-records=#
Sort records according to an index. This makes your data much more localized and may speed up things (It may be VERY slow to do a sort the first time!).
page_buffer_size
Size of page buffer. Used by --safe-repair.
read_buffer_size
Read buffer size for sequential reads during scanning.
write_buffer_size
Write buffer size for sequential writes during repair of fixed size or dynamic size rows.
sort_buffer_size
Size of sort buffer. Used by --recover.
sort_key_blocks
Internal buffer for sorting keys. Do not use!
aria_chk [OPTIONS] aria_tables[.MAI]aria_chk --check --sort_order --force --sort_buffer_size=1G */*.MAIaria_chk --analyze --sort-index --page_buffer_size=1G --zerofill */*.MAIaria_chk --safe-recover --zerofill --page_buffer_size=2G */*.MAIaria_read_log is a tool for displaying and applying log records from an Aria transaction log.
Aria is compiled without -DIDENTICAL_PAGES_AFTER_RECOVERY which means that the table files are not byte-to-byte identical to files created during normal execution. This should be okay, except for test scripts that try to compare files before and after recovery.
As an option, you need to use at least one of -d or -a.
The following variables can be set while passed as command line options to aria_read_log, or set in the [aria_read_log] section in your file.
This page is licensed: CC BY-SA / Gnu FDL
-h, --aria-log-dir-path=name
Path to the directory where to store transactional log.
-P, --page-buffer-size=#
The size of the buffer used for index blocks of Aria tables.
-l, --print-log-control-file
Print the content of the aria_log_control_file.
-o, --start-from-lsn=#
Start reading log from this lsn.
-C, --start-from-checkpoint
Start applying from last checkpoint.
-s, --silent
Print less information during apply/undo phase.
-T, --tables-to-redo=name
List of comma-separated tables that we should apply REDO on. Use this if you only want to recover some tables.
-t, --tmpdir=name
Path for temporary files. Multiple paths can be specified, separated by colon (:).
--translog-buffer-size=#
The size of the buffer used for transaction log of Aria tables.
-u, --undo
Apply UNDO records to tables. Disable with --disable-undo. Defaults to on; use --skip-undo to disable.
-v, --verbose
Print more information during apply/undo phase.
-V, --version
Print version and exit.
-a, --apply
Apply log to tables.
Careful — this modifies tables! Make a backup first!
Displays a lot of information if not run with the --silent option.
--character-sets-dir=name
Directory where character sets are.
-c, --check
Used with the --display-only option, check if record is fully readable (for debugging).
-?, --help
Display help and exit.
-d, --display-only
Display brief info read from records' header.
-e, --end-lsn=#
Stop applying at this lsn. If end-lsn is used, UNDO operations are not be applied.
aria_read_log OPTIONS