Sort query results. This clause arranges the returned rows in ascending or descending order based on specified columns or expressions.
Use the ORDER BY clause to order a resultset, such as that are returned from a SELECT statement. You can specify just a column or use any expression with functions. If you are using the GROUP BY clause, you can use grouping functions in ORDER BY. Ordering is done after grouping.
You can use multiple ordering expressions, separated by commas. Rows are sorted by the first expression, then by the second expression if they have the same value for the first, and so on.
You can use the keywords ASC and DESC after each ordering expression to force that ordering to be ascending or descending, respectively. Ordering is ascending by default.
You can also use a single integer as the ordering expression. If you use an integer n, the results is ordered by the nth column in the select expression.
When string values are compared, they are compared as if by the function. STRCMP ignores trailing whitespace and may normalize characters and ignore case, depending on the in use.
Duplicated entries in the ORDER BY clause are removed.
ORDER BY can also be used to order the activities of a or statement (usually with the clause).
It is possible to use ORDER BY (or ) in a multi-table statement.
It is not possible to use ORDER BY (or ) in a multi-table statement.
MariaDB allows packed sort keys and values of non-sorted fields in the sort buffer. This can make filesort temporary files much smaller when VARCHAR, CHAR or BLOB columns are used, notably speeding up some ORDER BY sorts.
MariaDB does not allow packed sort keys and values of non-sorted fields in the sort buffer.
ORDER BY in an statement, in conjunction with :
ORDER BY can be used in a multi-table update:
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CREATE TABLE seq (i INT, x VARCHAR(1));
INSERT INTO seq VALUES (1,'a'), (2,'b'), (3,'b'), (4,'f'), (5,'e');
SELECT * FROM seq ORDER BY i;
+------+------+
| i | x |
+------+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | b |
| 4 | f |
| 5 | e |
+------+------+
SELECT * FROM seq ORDER BY i DESC;
+------+------+
| i | x |
+------+------+
| 5 | e |
| 4 | f |
| 3 | b |
| 2 | b |
| 1 | a |
+------+------+
SELECT * FROM seq ORDER BY x,i;
+------+------+
| i | x |
+------+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | b |
| 5 | e |
| 4 | f |
+------+------+UPDATE seq SET x='z' WHERE x='b' ORDER BY i DESC LIMIT 1;
SELECT * FROM seq;
+------+------+
| i | x |
+------+------+
| 1 | a |
| 2 | b |
| 3 | z |
| 4 | f |
| 5 | e |
+------+------+CREATE TABLE warehouse (product_id INT, qty INT);
INSERT INTO warehouse VALUES (1,100),(2,100),(3,100),(4,100);
CREATE TABLE store (product_id INT, qty INT);
INSERT INTO store VALUES (1,5),(2,5),(3,5),(4,5);
UPDATE warehouse,store SET warehouse.qty = warehouse.qty-2, store.qty = store.qty+2
WHERE (warehouse.product_id = store.product_id AND store.product_id >= 1)
ORDER BY store.product_id DESC LIMIT 2;
SELECT * FROM warehouse;
+------------+------+
| product_id | qty |
+------------+------+
| 1 | 100 |
| 2 | 100 |
| 3 | 98 |
| 4 | 98 |
+------------+------+
SELECT * FROM store;
+------------+------+
| product_id | qty |
+------------+------+
| 1 | 5 |
| 2 | 5 |
| 3 | 7 |
| 4 | 7 |
+------------+------+