Load Balancing

This page is part of MariaDB's Documentation.

The parent of this page is: Use Cases

Topics on this page:

Overview
Load Balancing Solutions
Load Balancing with MaxScale
- Query-Based Load Balancing
- Connection-Based Load Balancing
Deploy MariaDB Enterprise Server with Load Balancing
Deploy MariaDB Xpand
Deploy MariaDB Community Server with Load Balancing

Overview

MariaDB database products optimize responsiveness to workloads by leveraging MariaDB MaxScale for transparent load balancing.

Load Balancing Solutions

MariaDB database products support load balancing with several different multi-node solutions.

MariaDB Replication

MariaDB Replication supports load balancing reads.

Replica servers replicate data from a primary server asynchronously or semi-synchronously using binary logs.

Galera Cluster

Galera Cluster Galera Cluster supports load balancing reads.

Cluster nodes replicate data using certification-based replication implemented by the Galera 3 or Galera 4 plugin, depending on the version of MariaDB.

MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore

MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore supports load balancing reads in multi-node deployments.

MariaDB Xpand

MariaDB Xpand supports load balancing reads and writes.

Xpand divides tables and indexes into slices, and it distributes those slices among all the nodes. Any node can handle any request. Transactions are automatically coordinated across nodes, and writes are automatically sent to the node where the data resides.

MariaDB Xpand supports multiple topologies. MariaDB products can be deployed in many different topologies. The topology on this page is representative. MariaDB products can be deployed to form other topologies, leverage advanced product capabilities, or combine the capabilities of multiple topologies.

For additional information, see "MariaDB Xpand Topology".

Load Balancing with MaxScale

MariaDB MaxScale provides multiple load balancing options.

Query-Based Load Balancing

Read/Write Split Router (readwritesplit) provides query-based load balancing with advanced features:

Query-based routing, so that replica servers can be properly utilized.
Automatic primary server re-connection in case of server failure.
Automatic transaction replay in case of server failure or deadlock.
Maintenance of connection state on behalf of applications.
Causal reads to ensure consistent read-your-writes behavior.
Adaptive query-based load balancing to optimize the routing of traffic to the fastest database instance based on actual server load conditions.
Retries of failed reads to ensure that the client is not affected by server failures.
Delayed retries of failed queries to ensure that the client is not affected by temporary cluster failures.

Connection-Based Load Balancing

Read Connection Router (readconnroute) provides connection-based load balancing:

Multi-node Solution	Description
MariaDB Replication	When used with MaxScale's MariaDB Monitor (mariadbmon), Read Connection Router (readconnroute) can be configured to route connections to the primary server, a replica server, or any running server.
Galera Cluster	When used with MaxScale's Galera Monitor (galeramon), Read Connection Router (readconnroute) can be configured to route connections to the primary server, a replica server, any synced server, or any running server.
MariaDB Enterprise ColumnStore	When used with MaxScale's MariaDB Monitor (mariadbmon), Read Connection Router (readconnroute) can be configured to route connections to the primary server, a replica server, or any running server.
MariaDB Xpand Topology	When used with MaxScale's Xpand Monitor (`xpandmon`), Read Connection Router (readconnroute) can be configured to route connections to any running server.

Deploy MariaDB Enterprise Server with Load Balancing

Choose a multi-node solution to deploy for MariaDB Enterprise Server:

HA Solution	ES Deployment
MariaDB Replication	Deploy Primary/Replica Topology
Galera Cluster	Deploy Galera Cluster topology
ColumnStore Object Storage topology	Deploy ColumnStore Object Storage topology
ColumnStore Shared Local Storage topology	Deploy ColumnStore Shared Local Storage topology

Deploy MariaDB Xpand

MariaDB Xpand supports load balancing reads and writes.

Deploy MariaDB Xpand with the Xpand Topology

For additional information, see "MariaDB Xpand Topology".

Deploy MariaDB Community Server with Load Balancing

Choose a multi-node solution to deploy for MariaDB Community Server:

Multi-node Solution	ES Deployment	MaxScale Deployment
MariaDB Replication	Deploy a Primary Server with MariaDB Community Server Deploy a Replica Server with MariaDB Community Server	Deploy MaxScale with MariaDB Monitor and Read/Write Split Router Deploy MaxScale with MariaDB Monitor and Read Connection Router
Galera Cluster	Deploy a Galera Cluster Node with MariaDB Community Server	Deploy MaxScale with Galera Monitor and Read/Write Split Router Deploy MaxScale with Galera Monitor and Read Connection Router