About MariaDB Connector/J

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MariaDB Connector/J is used to connect applications developed in Java to MariaDB and MySQL databases using the standard JDBC API. The library is LGPL licensed.

The most recent Stable (GA) release of MariaDB Connector/J is:
MariaDB Connector/J 3.3.3

DateReleaseStatusRelease NotesChangelog
12 Jan 2016MariaDB Connector/J 1.3.4Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
8 Dec 2015MariaDB Connector/J 1.3.3Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
23 Nov 2015MariaDB Connector/J 1.3.2Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
18 Nov 2015MariaDB Connector/J 1.3.1Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
16 Nov 2015MariaDB Connector/J 1.3.0Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
6 Oct 2015MariaDB Connector/J 1.2.3Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
10 Sep 2015MariaDB Connector/J 1.2.2Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
17 Jul 2015MariaDB Connector/J 1.2.0Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
18 Jun 2015MariaDB Connector/J 1.1.9Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
16 Jan 2015MariaDB Java Client 1.1.8Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
2 Apr 2014MariaDB Java Client 1.1.7Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
18 Feb 2014MariaDB Java Client 1.1.6Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
18 Sep 2013MariaDB Java Client 1.1.5Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
10 Sep 2013MariaDB Java Client 1.1.4Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
1 Jul 2013MariaDB Java Client 1.1.3Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
2 May 2013MariaDB Java Client 1.1.2Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
1 Mar 2013MariaDB Java Client 1.1.1Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
15 Jan 2013MariaDB Java Client 1.1.0Stable (GA)Release NotesChangelog
29 Nov 2012MariaDB Java Client 1.0.0Stable (GA)

About MariaDB Connector/J

MariaDB Connector/J is a Type 4 JDBC driver. It was developed specifically as a lightweight JDBC connector for use with MySQL and MariaDB database servers. It's originally based on the Drizzle JDBC code, and with a lot of additions and bug fixes.

Obtaining the driver

The driver source code can be downloaded from: https://downloads.mariadb.org/connector-java/

Pre-built .jar files can be downloaded from: https://code.mariadb.com/connectors/java/

Installing the driver

Installation of the client library is very simple, the jar file should be saved in an appropriate place for your application and the classpath of your application altered to include MariaDB Connector/J rather than your current connector.

Using maven :

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mariadb.jdbc</groupId>
    <artifactId>mariadb-java-client</artifactId>
    <version>xxx</version>
</dependency>

Requirements

  • Java 7 or 8 (Last compatible version with java 6 is 1.1.9)
  • com.sun.JNA is used by some library functions and a jar is available at https://github.com/twall/jna
    • only needed when connecting to the server with unix sockets or windows shared memory
  • A MariaDB or MySQL Server
  • maven (only if you want build from source)

Source code

The source code is available on GitHub: https://github.com/MariaDB/mariadb-connector-j and the most recent development version can be obtained using the following command:

git clone https://github.com/MariaDB/mariadb-connector-j.git

License

GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

Building and testing the driver

The section deals with building the connector from source and testing it. If you have downloaded a ready built connector, in a jar file, then this section may be skipped.

MariaDB Client Library for Java Applications uses maven for build. You first need to ensure you have both java and maven installed on your server before you can build the driver.

To run the unit test, you'll need a MariaDB or MySQL server running on localhost (on default TCP port 3306) and a database called 'test', and user 'root' with empty password

git clone https://github.com/MariaDB/mariadb-connector-j.git #  Or, unpack the source distribution tarball
cd mariadb-connector-j
# For the unit test run, start local mysqld mysqld, 
# ensure that user root with empty password can login
mvn package
# If you want to build without running unit  tests, use
# mvn -Dmaven.test.skip=true package

After that, you should have JDBC jar mariadb-java-client-x.y.z.jar in the 'target' subdirectory

Using the driver

The following subsections show the formatting of JDBC connection strings for MariaDB, MySQL database servers. Additionally, sample code is provided that demonstrates how to connect to one of these servers and create a table.

Driver Manager

Applications designed to use the driver manager to locate the entry point need no further configuration, MariaDB Connector/J will automatically be loaded and used in the way any previous MySQL driver would have been.

Driver Class

Please note that the driver class provided by MariaDB Connector/J is not com.mysql.jdbc.Driver but org.mariadb.jdbc.Driver!

Connection strings

Format of the JDBC connection string is

jdbc:(mysql|mariadb):[replication:|failover:|sequential:|aurora:]//<hostDescription>[,<hostDescription>...]/[database][?<key1>=<value1>[&<key2>=<value2>]] 

HostDescription:

<host>[:<portnumber>]  or address=(host=<host>)[(port=<portnumber>)][(type=(master|slave))]

Host must be a DNS name or IP address. In case of ipv6 and simple host description, the IP address must be written inside brackets. The default port is 3306. The default type is master. If replication failover is set, by default the first host is master, and the others are slaves.

Examples :

  • localhost:3306
  • [2001:0660:7401:0200:0000:0000:0edf:bdd7]:3306
  • somehost.com:3306
  • address=(host=localhost)(port=3306)(type=master)

Failover parameters

Failover was introduced in Connector/J 1.2.0.

sequentialFailover support for master replication cluster (for example Galera) without High availability. The host will be connected in the order in which they were declared.

Example when using the jdbc url string "jdbc:mysql:replication:host1,host2,host3/test" :
When connecting, the driver will always try first host1, and if not available host2 and following. After a host fail, the driver will reconnect according to this order. Since 1.3.0
since 1.3.0
failoverHigh availability (random picking connection initialisation) with failover support for master replication cluster (for example Galera).
since 1.2.0
replicationHigh availability (random picking connection initialisation) with failover support for master/slaves replication cluster (one or multiple master)
since 1.2.0
auroraHigh availability (random picking connection initialisation) with failover support for Amazon Aurora replication cluster
since 1.2.0

See failover description for more information.

Optional URL parameters

General remark: Unknown options accepted and are silently ignored.

Following options are currently supported.

userDatabase user name.
since 1.0.0
passwordPassword of database user.
since 1.0.0
useFractionalSecondsCorrectly handle subsecond precision in timestamps (feature available with MariaDB 5.3 and later).
May confuse 3rd party components (Hibernated).
Default: true.
since 1.0.0
allowMultiQueriesAllows multiple statements in single executeQuery.
example:
insert into ab (i) values (1); insert into ab (i) values (2);
will be rewritten
insert into ab (i) values (1), (2);
Default: false.
since 1.0.0
dumpQueriesOnExceptionIf set to 'true', exception thrown during query execution contain query string.
Default: false.
since 1.1.0
useCompressionallow compression in MySQL Protocol.
Default: false.
since 1.0.0
useSSLForce SSL on connection.
Default: false.
since 1.1.0
trustServerCertificateWhen using SSL, do not check server's certificate.
Default: false.
since 1.1.1
serverSslCertServer's certificatem in DER form, or server's CA certificate.
Can be used in one of 3 forms :
* sslServerCert=/path/to/cert.pem (full path to certificate)
* sslServerCert=classpath:relative/cert.pem (relative to current classpath)
* or as verbatim DER-encoded certificate string "------BEGING CERTIFICATE-----" .
since 1.1.3
socketFactoryto use custom socket factory, set it to full name of the class that implements javax.net.SocketFactory.
since 1.0.0
tcpNoDelaySets corresponding option on the connection socket.
since 1.0.0
tcpKeepAliveSets corresponding option on the connection socket.
since 1.0.0
tcpAbortiveCloseSets corresponding option on the connection socket.
since 1.1.1
tcpRcvBufset buffer size for TCP buffer (SO_RCVBUF).
since 1.0.0
tcpSndBufset buffer size for TCP buffer (SO_SNDBUF).
since 1.0.0
pipeOn Windows, specify named pipe name to connect to mysqld.exe.
since 1.1.3
tinyInt1isBitDatatype mapping flag, handle MySQL Tiny as BIT(boolean).
Default: true.
since 1.0.0
yearIsDateTypeYear is date type, rather than numerical.
Default: true.
since 1.0.0
sessionVariables<var>=<value> pairs separated by comma, mysql session variables, set upon establishing successfull connection.
since 1.1.0
localSocketAllows to connect to database via Unix domain socket, if server allows it.
The value is the path of Unix domain socket (i.e "socket" database parameter : select @@socket) .
since 1.1.4
sharedMemoryAllowed to connect database via shared memory, if server allows it.
The value is base name of the shared memory.
since 1.1.4
localSocketAddressHostname or IP address to bind the connection socket to a local (UNIX domain) socket.
since 1.1.7
socketTimeoutDefined the network socket timeout (SO_TIMEOUT) in milliseconds.
Default: 0 milliseconds(0 disable this timeout).
since 1.1.7
interactiveClientSession timeout is defined by the wait_timeout server variable. Setting interactiveClient to true will tell server to use the interactive_timeout server variable.
Default: false.
since 1.1.7
useOldAliasMetadataBehaviorMetadata ResultSetMetaData.getTableName() return the physical table name. "useOldAliasMetadataBehavior" permit to activate the legacy code that send the table alias if set.
Default: false.
since 1.1.9
createDatabaseIfNotExistthe specified database in url will be created if nonexistent.
Default: false.
since 1.1.7
serverTimezoneDefined the server time zone.
to use only if jre server as a different time implementation of the server.
(best to have the same server time zone when possible).
since 1.1.7
rewriteBatchedStatementsrewrite batchedStatement to have only one server call.
Default: false.
since 1.1.8
connectTimeoutThe connect the timeout value, in milliseconds, or zero for no timeout.
Default: 0.
since 1.1.8
alwaysAutoGeneratedKeysJDBC statement permitting the retrieval of the last query insert Id's by the Statement.getGeneratedKeys command. The driver retrieves that information only if Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS is specified when inserting data (method example executeUpdate). Set to true, the driver will always return generated keys when possible.
Defaults: false.
Since 1.3.0
clientCertificateKeyStoreUrlUse the specified keystore for client certificates (can be the same as the trusted root certificate keystore).<br/> *Default: false. Since 1.3.4*
clientCertificateKeyStorePasswordPassword for the client certificate keystore.<br/> *Default: false. Since 1.3.4*
trustCertificateKeyStoreUrlUse the specified keystore for trusted root certificates. Overrides serverSslCert.<br/> *Default: false. Since 1.3.4*
trustCertificateKeyStorePasswordPassword for the trusted root certificate keystore.<br/> *Default: false. Since 1.3.4*



Failover/High availability URL parameters

autoReconnectWith basic failover: if true, will attempt to recreate connection after a failover.
With standard failover: if true, will attempt to recreate connection even if there is a temporary solution (like using a master connection temporary until reconnect to a slave connection)
Default is false.
since 1.1.7
retriesAllDownWhen searching a valid host, maximum number of connection attempts before throwing an exception.
Default: 120 seconds.
since 1.2.0
failoverLoopRetriesWhen searching silently for a valid host, maximum number of connection attempts.
This differ from "retriesAllDown" parameter, because this silent search is for example used after a disconnection of a slave connection when using the master connection
Default: 120.
since 1.2.0
validConnectionTimeoutWith multiple hosts, after this time in seconds has elapsed it’s verified that the connections haven’t been lost.
When 0, no verification will be done.
Default:120 seconds
since 1.2.0
loadBalanceBlacklistTimeoutWhen a connection fails, this host will be blacklisted during the "loadBalanceBlacklistTimeout" amount of time.
When connecting to a host, the driver will try to connect to a host in the list of not blacklisted hosts and after that only on blacklisted ones if none has been found before that.
This blacklist is shared inside the classloader.
Default: 50 seconds.
since 1.2.0
assureReadOnlyIf true, in high availability, and switching to a read-only host, assure that this host is in read-only mode by setting session read-only.
Default to false.
Since 1.3.0



JDBC API Implementation Notes

Streaming result sets

By default, Statement.executeQuery() will read full result set from server before returning. With large result sets, this will require large amounts of memory. Better behavior in this case would be reading row-by-row, with ResultSet.next(), so called "streaming" feature. It is activated using Statement.setFetchSize(Integer.MIN_VALUE)

Prepared statements

The driver only uses text protocol to communicate with the database. Prepared statements (parameter substitution) is handled by the driver, on the client side.

CallableStatement

Callable statement implementation won't need to access stored procedure metadata (mysql.proc) table if both of following are true

  • CallableStatement.getMetadata() is not used
  • Parameters are accessed by index, not by name

When possible, following the two rules above provides both better speed and eliminates concerns about SELECT privileges on the mysql.proc table.

Optional JDBC classes

Following optional interfaces are implemented by the org.mariadb.jdbc.MariaDbDataSource class : javax.sql.DataSource, javax.sql.ConnectionPoolDataSource, javax.sql.XADataSource

careful : org.mariadb.jdbc.MySQLDataSource doesn't exist anymore and is to be replaced by org.mariadb.jdbc.MariaDbDataSource since v1.3.0

Usage examples

The following code provides a basic example of how to connect to a MariaDB or MySQL server and create a table.

Creating a table on a MariaDB or MySQL Server

Connection  connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test", "username", "password");
Statement stmt = connection.createStatement();
stmt.executeUpdate("CREATE TABLE a (id int not null primary key, value varchar(20))");
stmt.close();
connection.close();

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