> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://mariadb.com/docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://mariadb.com/docs/server/server-usage/storage-engines/innodb/innodb-online-ddl.md).

# InnoDB Online DDL

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/h0DUTWE6Hlj6CpFF2gaZ" %}
[InnoDB Online DDL Overview](/docs/server/server-usage/storage-engines/innodb/innodb-online-ddl/innodb-online-ddl-overview.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
An introduction to InnoDB's online DDL capabilities, detailing the ALGORITHM and LOCK clauses for controlling performance and concurrency during schema changes.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/0SNIH7LQcPJt6jAaD2T2" %}
[InnoDB Online DDL Operations with the INPLACE Alter Algorithm](/docs/server/server-usage/storage-engines/innodb/innodb-online-ddl/innodb-online-ddl-operations-with-the-inplace-alter-algorithm.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Learn about operations supported by the INPLACE algorithm, which rebuilds the table but allows concurrent DML, offering a balance between performance and availability.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/T7NrlMzysXp0fOLj5YdE" %}
[InnoDB Online DDL Operations with the INSTANT Alter Algorithm](/docs/server/server-usage/storage-engines/innodb/innodb-online-ddl/innodb-online-ddl-operations-with-the-instant-alter-algorithm.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Discover the INSTANT algorithm, which modifies table metadata without rebuilding the table, enabling extremely fast schema changes like adding columns.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/dDckTvjaJFHTRVclxMIq" %}
[InnoDB Online DDL Operations with the NOCOPY Alter Algorithm](/docs/server/server-usage/storage-engines/innodb/innodb-online-ddl/innodb-online-ddl-operations-with-the-nocopy-alter-algorithm.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Understand the NOCOPY algorithm, which avoids rebuilding the clustered index for certain operations like adding secondary indexes, significantly reducing I/O.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/4hGt4fuHZD4AXsnHcFCy" %}
[Instant ADD COLUMN for InnoDB](/docs/server/server-usage/storage-engines/innodb/innodb-online-ddl/instant-add-column-for-innodb.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
A focused guide on the Instant ADD COLUMN feature, explaining how it works by modifying metadata and its advantages over traditional table-rebuilding methods.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}