The Ultimate Guide to High Availability with MariaDB

Installing MariaDB with zypper

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On SLES, OpenSUSE, and other similar Linux distributions, it is highly recommended to install the relevant RPM packages from MariaDB's repository using zypper.

This page walks you through the simple installation steps using zypper.

Contents

  1. Adding the MariaDB ZYpp repository
    1. Using the MariaDB Package Repository Setup Script
    2. Using the MariaDB Repository Generator
    3. Pinning the MariaDB Repository to a Specific Minor Release
  2. Installing MariaDB with ZYpp
    1. Installing Older Versions from the Repository
  3. Installing MariaDB Galera Cluster with ZYpp
  4. After Installation

Adding the MariaDB ZYpp repository

We currently have ZYpp repositories for the following Linux distributions:

  • SLES 12
  • SLES 15
  • OpenSUSE 15
  • OpenSUSE 42

Using the MariaDB Package Repository Setup Script

An easy way to add the MariaDB zypper repository is to use the script that sets up the MariaDB Package Repository. For example:

curl -sS https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb_repo_setup | sudo bash

Using the MariaDB Repository Generator

Another easy way to add the MariaDB zypper repository is to use the MariaDB Repository Generator.

We have yum repositories for several Linux distributions that use zypper to manage packages. The MariaDB Repository Generator can easily generate the appropriate commands to add the repository for your distribution.

For example, if you wanted to use the repository to install MariaDB 10.3 on SLES 15, then you could use the following commands to add the MariaDB zypper repository:

sudo rpm --import https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
sudo zypper addrepo --gpgcheck --refresh https://yum.mariadb.org/10.3/sles/15/x86_64 mariadb
sudo zypper --gpg-auto-import-keys refresh

The example above imports the GPG public key that we use to digitally sign the packages in our repositories. This key enables the zypper and rpm utilities to verify the integrity of the packages that they install.

The id of our signing key is 0xcbcb082a1bb943db. The short form of the id is 0x1BB943DB and the full key fingerprint is:

1993 69E5 404B D5FC 7D2F E43B CBCB 082A 1BB9 43DB

Pinning the MariaDB Repository to a Specific Minor Release

If you wish to pin the zypper repository to a specific minor release, or if you would like to downgrade to a specific minor release, then you can create a zypper repository with the URL hard-coded to that specific minor release.

For example, if you wanted to pin your repository to MariaDB 10.3.9 on SLES 15, then you could use the following yum repository configuration in /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo:

sudo zypper removerepo mariadb
sudo zypper addrepo --gpgcheck --refresh https://yum.mariadb.org/10.3.9/sles/15/x86_64 mariadb

Installing MariaDB with ZYpp

After the zypper repository is configured, you can install MariaDB by executing the following command:

sudo zypper install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client

If you haven't yet imported the MariaDB GPG public key, then zypper will prompt you to import it after it downloads the packages, but before it prompts you to install them.

If the server already has the MariaDB-Galera-server package installed, then you might need to remove it prior to installing the MariaDB-server package. For example:

sudo zypper remove MariaDB-Galera-server

No databases are removed when the MariaDB-Galera-server package is removed, but it is a good idea in general to have backups when performing upgrades or making major packaging changes.

Installing Older Versions from the Repository

The MariaDB zypper repository contains the last few versions of MariaDB. To show what versions are available, use the following command:

zypper search --details MariaDB-server

In the output you will see the available versions.

To install an older version of a package instead of the latest version we just need to specify the package name, a dash, and then the version number. And we only need to specify enough of the version number for it to be unique from the other available versions.

However, when installing an older version of a package, if zypper has to install dependencies, then it will automatically choose to install the latest versions of those packages. To ensure that all MariaDB packages are on the same version in this scenario, it is necessary to specify them all.

The packages that the MariaDB-server package depend on are: MariaDB-client, MariaDB-shared, and MariaDB-common. Therefore, to install MariaDB 10.3.11 from this zypper repository, we would do the following:

sudo zypper install MariaDB-server-10.3.11 MariaDB-client-10.3.11 MariaDB-shared-10.3.11 MariaDB-common-10.3.11

The rest of the install and setup process is as normal.

Installing MariaDB Galera Cluster with ZYpp

MariaDB until 10.0

Galera Cluster support required special MariaDB Server packages in MariaDB 5.5 and MariaDB 10.0. Galera Cluster support has been included in the standard MariaDB Server packages in MariaDB 10.1 and above.

The process to install MariaDB Galera Cluster with the MariaDB zypper repository is practically the same as installing standard MariaDB Server. When using MariaDB Galera Cluster 5.5 or MariaDB Galera Cluster 10.0, the major difference is that you will need to install the MariaDB-Galera-server package instead of the MariaDB-server package. When using MariaDB 10.1 and above, Galera Cluster support has been included in the standard MariaDB Server packages, so you will need to install the MariaDB-server package, as you normally would.

You also need to install the galera package to obtain the Galera wsrep provider library.

To install MariaDB Galera Cluster 5.5 or MariaDB Galera Cluster 10.0, you could execute:

sudo zypper install MariaDB-Galera-server MariaDB-client galera

If you haven't yet imported the MariaDB GPG public key, then zypper will prompt you to import it after it downloads the packages, but before it prompts you to install them.

If the server already has the MariaDB-server package installed, then you might need to remove it prior to installing MariaDB-Galera-server package. For example, by executing:

sudo zypper remove MariaDB-server

No databases are removed when the MariaDB-server package is removed, but it is a good idea in general to have backups when performing upgrades or making major packaging changes.

And to install MariaDB 10.1 and above with Galera Cluster, you could execute:

sudo zypper install MariaDB-server MariaDB-client galera

See MariaDB Galera Cluster for more information on MariaDB Galera Cluster.

After Installation

After the installation is complete, you can start MariaDB.

If you are using MariaDB Galera Cluster, then keep in mind that the first node will have to be bootstrapped.

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