> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://mariadb.com/docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://mariadb.com/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions.md).

# String Functions

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/0HEd8kyiv8veI4tk1wqc" %}
[ASCII](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/ascii.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the ASCII value of the first character. This function returns the numeric ASCII code for the leftmost character of the input string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/umrTqBd0tVnyEnfmyznM" %}
[BIN](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/bin.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the binary representation of a number. This function converts a number to its binary string equivalent.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/bba94o4qaNp30FBRPXHL" %}
[BINARY Operator](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/binary-operator.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Cast a string to a binary string. This operator converts a character string to a binary string, often used for case-sensitive comparisons.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/J64ScbYhPpBhMnZK2ErW" %}
[BIT\_LENGTH](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/bit_length.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the length of a string in bits. This function calculates the size of the string in bits (length in bytes multiplied by 8).
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/WR0uDwxA26Jg0gymT4Z6" %}
[CAST](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/cast.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Complete CAST reference for MariaDB. Complete function guide with syntax, parameters, return values, and usage examples with comprehensive examples and best.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/T4vedIjBipZzS7Dkz5Bj" %}
[CHAR Function](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/char-function.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the character for each integer passed. This function interprets arguments as integer ASCII values and returns a string of those characters.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/R8NkA3ZddRUDZJgq6ZCN" %}
[CHAR\_LENGTH](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/char_length.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the length of a string in characters. This function counts the number of characters in the string, treating multi-byte characters as single units.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/0SRrx3Nd2KOveMgvYSRa" %}
[CHARACTER\_LENGTH](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/character_length.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Synonym for CHAR\_LENGTH(). Returns the number of characters in the string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/wE9iQhOlTPNoH7FgS9oS" %}
[CHR](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/chr.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the character for a specific ASCII value. This function is similar to CHAR() but accepts a single integer argument.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/Rtdk9EPluLWWRtJkSdAg" %}
[CONCAT](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/concat.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Complete CONCAT reference for MariaDB. Complete function guide with syntax, parameters, return values, and usage examples with comprehensive examples and.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/TmXhZsCWuOBx4rnmeSxK" %}
[CONCAT\_WS](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/concat_ws.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Concatenate with separator. This function joins strings with a specified separator. It skips NULL values during concatenation.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/5lkRIlcgw49mv34dSeSK" %}
[CONVERT](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/convert.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Complete CONVERT() reference: CONVERT(expr,type) and CONVERT(expr USING charset) syntax, SIGNED/UNSIGNED/BINARY/CHAR types, and CAST() differences.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/ckHCJHrwDf2WDcnM6D1s" %}
[ELT](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/elt.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the string at a specific index. This function returns the N-th string from a list of arguments.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/ib1WvawH8bfY5w834E4L" %}
[EXPORT\_SET](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/export_set.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return a string representation of bits. This function generates a string based on the bits set in a number, using specified 'on' and 'off' strings.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/2DcfhPQ71HvOkDb3oM32" %}
[EXTRACTVALUE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/extractvalue.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Extract a value from XML. This function returns the text content of an XML fragment matching a given XPath expression.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/NuQ0VWf4wU1HGwYTaMZo" %}
[FIELD](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/field.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the index of a string in a list. This function returns the position of the first argument within the subsequent list of arguments.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/lvzaZwhlczSUjH2DCaZk" %}
[FIND\_IN\_SET](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/find_in_set.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the index of a string in a comma-separated list. This function finds the position of a string within a list of strings separated by commas.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/nkgAa4vEWVI5vg2i0kHi" %}
[FORMAT](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/format.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Format a number. This function formats a number to a format like '#,###,###.##', rounded to a specified number of decimal places.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/eMxVnnYwPJtdhyEQLnHU" %}
[FROM\_BASE64](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/from_base64.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Decode a base-64 encoded string. This function takes a base-64 string and returns the decoded binary result.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/Adg5GVSTypDYFZD8zg6R" %}
[HEX](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/hex.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the hexadecimal representation. This function converts a number or string to its hexadecimal string equivalent.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/GOb2fhFnN8QWovExDjB4" %}
[INSERT Function](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/insert-function.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Insert a substring into a string. This function inserts a string within another string at a specified position and length, replacing existing characters.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/8hmAjc6KxPeSSi6dVYlb" %}
[INSTR](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/instr.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the position of the first occurrence of a substring. This function locates a substring within a string and returns its index.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/WKkPgZBfYbKyQXwKZMPP" %}
[LCASE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/lcase.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Synonym for LOWER(). Converts a string to lowercase characters.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/EJfm545qBgn6twTKZ6R6" %}
[LEFT](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/left.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the leftmost characters. This function returns the specified number of characters from the beginning (left) of a string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/vuFddJIPToKlV4HwaSTf" %}
[LENGTH](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/length.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the length of a string in bytes. This function counts the number of bytes in the string, which may differ from character count for multi-byte strings.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/Lewrwt3XZI99RHLWsJfu" %}
[LENGTHB](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/lengthb.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the length of a string in bytes. This function is a synonym for LENGTH() in default mode, returning the byte count.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/INm4ImAvnqM6HUYEZe30" %}
[LIKE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/like.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Complete LIKE operator reference: LIKE/NOT LIKE pattern matching syntax, % and \_ wildcards, ESCAPE clause, NULL behavior, and collation case-sensitivity.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/hzk1L14McplPzgiw80Br" %}
[LOAD\_FILE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/load_file.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Read a file from the server. This function reads the content of a file located on the server host and returns it as a string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/350K0qbVyJzoRvYE2vue" %}
[LOCATE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/locate.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the position of the first occurrence of a substring. This function finds the starting position of a substring within a string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/eo0lEQZJor9xBMcrpUlJ" %}
[LOWER](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/lower.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Convert a string to lowercase. This function returns the string with all characters converted to lowercase.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/udusp3te1LpiDzxlr261" %}
[LPAD](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/lpad.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Left-pad a string. This function pads a string on the left side with a specified string until it reaches a certain length.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/zusDU5yGc2cwK4QfKLOt" %}
[LTRIM](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/ltrim.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Remove leading spaces. This function returns the string with any leading whitespace characters removed.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/XgWdcD4NvaEm3zQgDRK4" %}
[MAKE\_SET](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/make_set.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return a set of comma-separated strings. This function returns a string consisting of substrings corresponding to the set bits in a given number.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/Zn02bzGVB71A01SfoL7d" %}
[MATCH AGAINST](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/match-against.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Perform a full-text search. This construct searches for a text query against a set of columns indexed with a FULLTEXT index.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/pnupJYDARRTNergBzgsW" %}
[MID](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/mid.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Synonym for SUBSTRING(). Returns a substring starting at a specified position for a given length.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/sKEhzhRVXArQvdR2xRYa" %}
[NATURAL\_SORT\_KEY](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/natural_sort_key.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Generate a sort key for natural ordering. This function produces a key that allows strings containing numbers to be sorted in a human-readable order.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/YxvJIfCYwMCDJRaaiIp4" %}
[NOT LIKE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/not-like.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Negated pattern matching. This operator tests whether a string does NOT match a specified SQL pattern.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/av7D3YWjgfeDazR5HvuT" %}
[NOT REGEXP](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/not-regexp.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Negated regular expression matching. This operator tests whether a string does NOT match a specified regular expression pattern.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/wX2Qf0GpdnyRXWD7ilZa" %}
[OCTET\_LENGTH](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/octet_length.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the length of a string in bytes. This function is a synonym for LENGTH() and returns the number of bytes in the string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/yJKyHxP74HYtMmWY2e1e" %}
[ORD](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/ord.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the numeric value of the first character. This function returns the code for the leftmost character, supporting multi-byte characters.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/0rkx0xxwYwMd5wZMBucB" %}
[POSITION](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/position.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Synonym for LOCATE(). Returns the position of the first occurrence of a substring within a string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/adHGHbBZORXi4VAfD6Hf" %}
[QUOTE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/quote.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Quote a string for SQL usage. This function produces a string ready for use as a data value in an SQL statement, escaping special characters.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/wNNrmIHizKpLUrYNmHl0" %}
[REPEAT Function](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/repeat-function.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Repeat a string. This function returns a string consisting of the input string repeated a specified number of times.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/hPA9845Cg6JklqZf38U8" %}
[REPLACE Function](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/replace-function.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Complete REPLACE Function reference for MariaDB. Complete function guide with syntax, parameters, return values, and usage examples for production use.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/lg0vRBunvDyI1TIi4e5Y" %}
[REVERSE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/reverse.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Reverse a string. This function returns the string with the order of its characters reversed.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/NnVgVoZAVlxhMbU7Ds7m" %}
[RIGHT](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/right.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the rightmost characters. This function returns the specified number of characters from the end (right) of a string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/xIFG6aNfNQ8rPQHM3vnP" %}
[RPAD](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/rpad.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Right-pad a string. This function pads a string on the right side with a specified string until it reaches a certain length.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/gKpgqRb4lZfm4FDgkzZf" %}
[RTRIM](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/rtrim.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Remove trailing spaces. This function returns the string with any trailing whitespace characters removed.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/DKwaT20TBjM9bNZTrCIA" %}
[SFORMAT](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/sformat.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Format strings with arbitrary patterns. This function allows complex string formatting using a pattern string and arguments.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/zbiqAf7C2kOvlHfEAlQY" %}
[SOUNDEX](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/soundex.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the Soundex string. This function calculates the Soundex key for a string, allowing comparison of words that sound similar.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/cocdE27VdeseDjKiPCKE" %}
[SOUNDS LIKE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/sounds-like.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Compare strings by sound. This operator tests if two strings have the same Soundex value, useful for fuzzy matching.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/hko49DXv97JZET3L8Fm8" %}
[SPACE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/space.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return a string of spaces. This function returns a string consisting of a specified number of space characters.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/d0sFTQVgxQkIYx3EW1Ve" %}
[STRCMP](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/strcmp.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Compare two strings. This function returns 0 if strings are equal, -1 if the first is smaller, and 1 if the first is larger.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/n4pMld8SzkcXZPA7TWBy" %}
[SUBSTR](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/substr.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
SUBSTR() is a synonym for SUBSTRING(), returning a substring from a string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/ukiXW8mAu5GrnihfrgzJ" %}
[SUBSTRING](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/substring.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Complete SUBSTRING() reference: syntax forms (pos,len, FROM/FOR), negative position from end, NULL handling, and Oracle sql\_mode position 0 behavior.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/M7WUbeojG08XA1Z5N8O4" %}
[SUBSTRING\_INDEX](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/substring_index.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Complete SUBSTRING\_INDEX() reference: SUBSTRING\_INDEX(str,delim,count) syntax, positive/negative count, case-sensitive delimiter, NULL rules.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/Bzhlh7jI3N09XKHju9Nb" %}
[TO\_BASE64](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/to_base64.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Encode a string to base-64. This function converts a string argument to its base-64 encoded form.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/7Hc7Hyy10uLaihlTe13i" %}
[TO\_CHAR](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/to_char.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Convert to string. This function converts a value (often date/time) to a string, potentially using a format mask.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/i7C8SCq05uxaGO69IfVo" %}
[TRIM](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/trim.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Remove spaces from both ends. This function removes leading and trailing whitespace (or other specified characters) from a string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/667v4QGVuo2k3wVuuzOr" %}
[TRIM\_ORACLE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/trim_oracle.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Oracle-compatible TRIM function. This version of TRIM provides compatibility with Oracle's syntax for removing characters from a string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/0hgdRGX032CgYkR6xGY3" %}
[Type Conversion](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/type-conversion.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Understand Type Conversion in MariaDB. Learn the rules for implicit conversion during comparisons and arithmetic, and how to use CAST for predictable results.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/71T67fjoXl5msYFd70TC" %}
[UCASE](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/ucase.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Synonym for UPPER(). Converts a string to uppercase characters.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/UVexIuJVCg3Pwz1ExTr3" %}
[UNHEX](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/unhex.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Convert hexadecimal to string. This function interprets pairs of hexadecimal digits as numbers and converts them to the characters they represent.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/3ukTlfw8QUa59qt50AJT" %}
[UPDATEXML](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/updatexml.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Replace a portion of XML. This function replaces a section of XML markup matching an XPath expression with a new XML fragment.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/sqqjay6Ked79xcaHResA" %}
[UPPER](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/upper.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Convert a string to uppercase. This function returns the string with all characters converted to uppercase.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/TopOdOUgA3Nw23I5sI57" %}
[WEIGHT\_STRING](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/weight_string.md)
{% endcontent-ref %}
{% endcolumn %}

{% column %}
Return the weight string. This function returns the binary string that represents the sorting and comparison value of the input string.
{% endcolumn %}
{% endcolumns %}

{% columns %}
{% column %}
{% content-ref url="/pages/9BfNl67FthEfXeZEyQ3s" %}
[Regular Expressions Functions](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/string-functions/regular-expressions-functions.md)
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Learn about regular expression functions in MariaDB Server. This section details SQL functions for powerful pattern matching and manipulation of string data using regular expressions.
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