Comments - Node Joining Failure When wsrep_sst_method=mariabackup
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First, setting the SST user's GRANT line to include the IP addresses instead of localhost. Previously, I was using 'sst'@'localhost' as is the normal/basic setup. However, MariaBackup seems to require an IP address for each node (e.g. Node1 needs a grant for 'sst'@'node2', 'sst'@'node3', etc). As the current setup has a private RFC1918 /24 subnet available, I used 'sst'@'10.20.30.%' for the GRANT.
This is not correct. The 'sst'@'localhost' user account on the donor node is sufficient. If this were a privilege issue, then your SST would have failed on the donor node--not the joiner node. See here:
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/mariabackup-sst-method/#authentication-and-privileges
Finally, the 'datadir' entry under [mysqld] MUST exist or MariaBackup will make a mess of itself.
This is most likely what caused your problems. However, keep in mind that this bug has been fixed in MariaDB 10.3.10 and later. See here:
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/mariabackup-overview/#no-default-datadir
No [ERROR] lines on the first MariaDB server at all.
In the future, remember to check the SST logs on the donor node and the joiner node! See here:
https://mariadb.com/kb/en/library/mariabackup-sst-method/#logs