> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://mariadb.com/docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://mariadb.com/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/special-functions.md).

# Special Functions

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[Dynamic Columns Functions](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/special-functions/dynamic-columns-functions.md)
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Manage schema-less data within relational tables. These functions, such as COLUMN\_CREATE and COLUMN\_GET, allow you to store and retrieve variable sets of columns in a single BLOB field.
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[Galera Functions](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/special-functions/galera-functions.md)
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Interact with the Galera Cluster plugin. These functions provide internal status information and control mechanisms specific to synchronous multi-master replication nodes.
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[Geographic Functions](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/special-functions/geographic-functions.md)
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Process geospatial data. This collection of functions allows you to create, analyze, and manipulate geometric shapes like points, lines, and polygons within your database.
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[JSON Functions](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/special-functions/json-functions.md)
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Complete JSON Functions reference: JSON\_EXTRACT(), JSON\_SET(), JSON\_REPLACE(), JSON\_SEARCH() syntax for path queries, document updates, and value retrieval.
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[Window Functions](/docs/server/reference/sql-functions/special-functions/window-functions.md)
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Explore window functions in MariaDB Server. This section details SQL functions that perform calculations across a set of table rows related to the current row, enabling advanced analytical queries.
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