Installing system tables (mysql_install_db)
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mysql_install_db is needed to create the system tables in the 'mysql' database directory that MariaDB uses to manage user rights and provide the 'help' command.
The normal usage of it is:
mysql_install_db --user=mysql
Here is a list of the options mysql_install_db supports:
| --basedir=path | The path to the MariaDB installation directory. |
| --builddir=path | If using --srcdir with out-of-directory builds, you will need to set this to the location of the build directory where built files reside. |
| --cross-bootstrap | For internal use. Used when building the MariaDB system tables on a different host than the target. |
| --datadir=path | The path to the MariaDB data directory. |
| --force | Causes mysql_install_db to run even if DNS does not work. In that case, grant table entries that normally use hostnames will use IP addresses. |
| --ldata=path | The path to the MariaDB data directory. Same as --datadir. |
| --rpm | For internal use. This option is used by RPM files during the MariaDB installation process. |
| --skip-name-resolve | Use IP addresses rather than hostnames when creating grant table entries. This option can be useful if your DNS does not work. |
| --srcdir=path | The path to the MariaDB source directory. This option uses the compiled binaries and support files within the source tree, useful for if you don't want to install MariaDB yet and just want to create the system tables. |
| --user=user_name | The login username to use for running mysqld. Files and directories created by mysqld will be owned by this user. You must be root to use this option. By default mysqld runs using your current login name and files and directories that it creates will be owned by you. |
mysql_install_db reads the my.cnf groups [mysqld] and [mysql_install_db].
mysql_install_db works by starting the mysqld server in --bootstrap mode and sending commands to create the system tables and their content.
If mysql_install_db fails, you should examine the logs (*.err files) in the data directory (the one specified with --datadir) for a clue of what went wrong.
You can also test that this is not a general fault of mysqld by starting mysqld with
mysqld --skip-grant --general-log
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