CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS test;

CREATE TABLE test.contacts (
 id INT PRIMARY KEY AUTO_INCREMENT,
 first_name VARCHAR(25),
 last_name VARCHAR(25),
 email VARCHAR(100)) ENGINE=InnoDB;

CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS 'db_user'@'192.0.2.1'
 IDENTIFIED BY 'db_user_password';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES
 ON test.*
 TO 'db_user'@'192.0.2.1';

$ g++ -o example example.cpp -std=c++11 -lmariadbcpp

CREATE DATABASE IF NOT EXISTS todo;

CREATE TABLE todo. tasks (
   id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
   description VARCHAR(200),
   completed BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE);

CREATE USER IF NOT EXISTS db_user@192.0.2.1
   IDENTIFIED BY 'db_user_password';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON todo.* TO db_user@192.0.2.1;

sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/todo");
sql::Properties properties({{"user", "db_user"}, {"password", "db_user_password"}});

sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://example.skysql.net:5509/todo");
sql::Properties properties({
      {"user", "db_user"},
      {"password", "db_user_password"},
      {"autocommit", false},
      {"useTls", true},
      {"tlsCert", "classpath:static/skysql_chain.pem"}
   });

$ g++ -o tasks tasks.cpp -std=c++11 -lmariadbcpp

$ ./tasks addTask 'New Task Description'

$ ./tasks showTasks

id = 1, description = New Task Description, completed = 0

$ ./tasks updateTaskStatus 1 1

id = 1, description = New Task Description, completed = 1

$ ./tasks deleteTask 1

DESC contacts;

+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field         | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id            | int(11)      | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| f_name        | varchar(25)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| last_name     | varchar(25)  | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
| email         | varchar(100) | YES  |     | NULL    |                |
+---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+

// Includes
#include <iostream>
#include <mariadb/conncpp.hpp>

// Function to Alter Table
void alterTable(std::shared_ptr<sql::Statement>  &stmnt)
{
   try {
      // Alter contacts Table
      stmnt->executeUpdate("ALTER TABLE test.contacts RENAME COLUMN first_name TO f_name");
   }

   // Catch Exception
   catch (sql::SQLException& e) {
      std::cerr << "Error altering table: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;
   }
}

// Main Process
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   try {
      // Instantiate Driver
      sql::Driver* driver = sql::mariadb::get_driver_instance();

      // Configure Connection
      // The URL or TCP connection string format is
      // ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
      sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

      // Use a properties map for the other connection options
      sql::Properties properties({
            {"user", "db_user"},
            {"password", "db_user_password"},
         });

      // Establish Connection
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(driver->connect(url, properties));

      // Create a Statement
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::shared_ptr<sql::Statement>  stmnt(conn->createStatement());

      // Use Statement to alter table
      alterTable(stmnt);

      // Close Connection
      conn->close();
   }

   // Catch Exceptions
   catch (sql::SQLException& e) {
      std::cerr << "Error Connecting to the database: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;

      // Exit (Failed)
      return 1;
   }

   // Exit (Success)
   return 0;
}

// Includes
#include <iostream>
#include <mariadb/conncpp.hpp>

// Function to Truncate Table
void truncateTable(std::shared_ptr<sql::Statement>  &stmnt)
{
   try {
      // TRUNCATE contacts Table
      stmnt->executeUpdate("TRUNCATE test.contacts");
   }

   // Catch Exception
   catch (sql::SQLException& e) {
      std::cerr << "Error truncating table: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;
   }
}

// Main Process
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   try {
      // Instantiate Driver
      sql::Driver* driver = sql::mariadb::get_driver_instance();

      // Configure Connection
      // The URL or TCP connection string format is
      // ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
      sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

      // Use a properties map for the other connection options
      sql::Properties properties({
            {"user", "db_user"},
            {"password", "db_user_password"},
         });

      // Establish Connection
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(driver->connect(url, properties));

      // Create a Statement
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::shared_ptr<sql::Statement>  stmnt(conn->createStatement());

      // Use Prepared Statement to truncate table
      truncateTable(stmnt);

      // Close Connection
      conn->close();
   }

   // Catch Exceptions
   catch (sql::SQLException& e) {
      std::cerr << "Error Connecting to the database: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;

      // Exit (Failed)
      return 1;
   }

   // Exit (Success)
   return 0;
}

SELECT * FROM test.contacts;

Empty set (0.000 sec)

SELECT * FROM test.contacts;

bool isAutoCommit = conn->getAutoCommit();

conn->setAutoCommit(false);

// Includes
#include <iostream>
#include <mariadb/conncpp.hpp>

void updateContact(std::shared_ptr<sql::PreparedStatement> &stmnt,
                   sql::SQLString first_name,
                   sql::SQLString email)
{
   try {
      // Bind variables to prepared statement parameters
      // Note that the index starts at 1--not 0
      stmnt->setString(1, email);
      stmnt->setString(2, first_name);

      // Execute Statement
      stmnt->executeUpdate();
   }

   // Catch Exception
   catch (sql::SQLException &e) {
      std::cerr << "Error updating contact: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;
   }
}

// Main Process
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   try {
      // Instantiate Driver
      sql::Driver* driver = sql::mariadb::get_driver_instance();

      // Configure Connection
      // The URL or TCP connection string format is
      // ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
      sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

      // Use a properties map for the other connection options
      sql::Properties properties({
            {"user", "db_user"},
            {"password", "db_user_password"},
         });

      // Establish Connection
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(driver->connect(url, properties));

      // Use Connection to update contacts with a transaction
      try {
         // Disabling ``auto-commit`` mode automatically starts a new user managed transaction.
         conn->setAutoCommit(false);

         // Create a PreparedStatement
         // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
         std::shared_ptr<sql::PreparedStatement> stmnt(conn->prepareStatement(
                  "UPDATE test.contacts SET email=? WHERE first_name = ?"
               )
            );

         std::string contacts[3][2] = {
               { "John", "johnsmith@example.com" },
               { "Jon", "jonsmith@example.com" },
               { "Johnny", "johnnysmith@example.com" }
            };

         for (int row { 0 }; row < 3; ++row) {
            updateContact(stmnt, contacts[row][0], contacts[row][1]);
         }

         // Commit the transaction
         conn->commit();
      }
      catch (sql::SQLException &e) {
         std::cerr << "Error updating contact with a transaction: "
            << e.what() << std::endl;

         // Rollback the transaction
         conn->rollback();
      }

      // Close Connection
      conn->close();
   }
   catch (sql::SQLException &e) {
      std::cerr << "SQL exception in the database: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;

      // Exit (Failed)
      return 1;
   }

   // Exit (Success)
   return 0;
}

SELECT * FROM test.contacts;

+----+------------+-----------+-------------------------+
| id | first_name | last_name | email                   |
+----+------------+-----------+-------------------------+
|  1 | John       | Smith     | johnsmith@example.com   |
+----+------------+-----------+-------------------------+
|  2 | Jon        | Smith     | jonsmith@example.com    |
+----+------------+-----------+-------------------------+
|  3 | Johnny     | Smith     | johnnysmith@example.com |
+----+------------+-----------+-------------------------+

// Includes
#include <iostream>
#include <mariadb/conncpp.hpp>

// Function to Add Contact
void addContact(std::shared_ptr<sql::PreparedStatement> &stmnt,
   sql::SQLString first_name,
   sql::SQLString last_name,
   sql::SQLString email)
{
   try {
      // Bind variables to prepared statement parameters
      // Note that the index starts at 1--not 0
      stmnt->setString(1, first_name);
      stmnt->setString(2, last_name);
      stmnt->setString(3, email);

      // Execute Statement
      stmnt->executeUpdate();
   }

   // Handle Exceptions
   catch (sql::SQLException &e) {
      std::cerr << "Error adding contact to database: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;
   }
}

// Main Process
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   try {
      // Instantiate Driver
      sql::Driver* driver = sql::mariadb::get_driver_instance();

      // Configure Connection
      // The URL or TCP connection string format is
      // ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
      sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

      // Use a properties map for the other connection options
      sql::Properties properties({
            {"user", "db_user"},
            {"password", "db_user_password"},
         });

      // Establish Connection
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(driver->connect(url, properties));

      // Created a PreparedStatement
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::shared_ptr<sql::PreparedStatement> stmnt(
            conn->prepareStatement(
               "INSERT INTO test.contacts(first_name, last_name, email) VALUES (?, ?, ?)"
            )
         );

      // Use prepared statement to add data
      addContact(stmnt, "John", "Smith", "john.smith@example.com");

      // Close Connection
      conn->close();
   }

   // Catch Exceptions
   catch (sql::SQLException& e) {
      std::cerr << "Error Connecting to the database: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;

      // Exit (Failed)
      return 1;
   }

   // Exit (Success)
   return 0;
}

+----+------------+-----------+------------------------+
| id | first_name | last_name | email                  |
+----+------------+-----------+------------------------+
|  1 | John       | Smith     | john.smith@example.com |
+----+------------+-----------+------------------------+

// Includes
#include <iostream>
#include <mariadb/conncpp.hpp>

// Function to print Contacts
void printContacts(std::shared_ptr<sql::Statement> &stmnt)
{
   try {
      // Execute SELECT Statement
      std::unique_ptr<sql::ResultSet> res(
            stmnt->executeQuery("SELECT first_name, last_name, email FROM test.contacts")
         );

      // Loop over Result-set
      while (res->next())
      {
         // Retrieve Values and Print Contacts
         std::cout << "- "
            << res->getString("first_name")
            << " "
            << res->getString("last_name")
            << " <"
            << res->getString("email")
            << ">"
            << std::endl;
      }
   }

   // Catch Exception
   catch (sql::SQLException& e) {
      std::cerr << "Error printing contacts: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;
   }
}

// Main Process
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   try {
      // Instantiate Driver
      sql::Driver* driver = sql::mariadb::get_driver_instance();

      // Configure Connection
      // The URL or TCP connection string format is
      // ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
      sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

      // Use a properties map for the other connection options
      sql::Properties properties({
            {"user", "db_user"},
            {"password", "db_user_password"},
         });

      // Establish Connection
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(driver->connect(url, properties));

      // Create a Statement
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::shared_ptr<sql::Statement> stmnt(conn->createStatement());

      printContacts(stmnt);

      // Close Connection
      conn->close();
   }

   // Catch Exceptions
   catch (sql::SQLException &e) {
      std::cerr << "Error Connecting to the database: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;

      // Exit (Failed)
      return 1;
   }

   // Exit (Success)
   return 0;
}

- John Smith <john.smith@example.com>
- Jon Smith <jon.smith@example.com>
- Johnny Smith <johnny.smith@example.com>

jdbc:mariadb://<hostDescription>/[<database>] [?<key1>=<value1>[&<key2>=<value2>]]

(tcp|unix|pipe)://<hostDescription>[/]

<host>[:<portNumber>]

jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/database?user=db_user&password=db_user_password

// Instantiate Driver
sql::Driver* driver = sql::mariadb::get_driver_instance();

// Configure Connection
// The URL or TCP connection string format is
// ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

// Use a properties map for the other connection options
sql::Properties properties({
      {"user", "db_user"},
      {"password", "db_user_password"},
   });

// Establish Connection
// Use a smart pointer for extra safety
std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(driver->connect(url, properties));

if (!conn) {
   cerr << "Invalid database connection" << endl;
   exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
}

try {
    // Configure Connection
    // The URL or TCP connection string format is
    // ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
    sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

    // Use a properties map for the other connection options
    sql::Properties properties({
          {"user", "db_user"},
          {"password", "db_user_password"},
       });

    // Establish Connection
    // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
    std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(DriverManager::getConnection(url, properties));
 } catch (...) {
    cerr << "Invalid database connection" << endl;
    exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
}

// Includes
#include <iostream>
#include <mariadb/conncpp.hpp>

// Main Process
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   try {
      // Instantiate Driver
      sql::Driver* driver = sql::mariadb::get_driver_instance();

      // Configure Connection
      // The URL or TCP connection string format is
      // ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
      sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

      // Use a properties map for the other connection options
      sql::Properties properties({
            {"user", "db_user"},
            {"password", "db_user_password"},
         });

      // Establish Connection
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(driver->connect(url, properties));

      // Use Connection
      // ...

      // Close Connection
      conn->close();
   }

   // Catch Exceptions
   catch (sql::SQLException& e) {
      std::cerr << "Error Connecting to the database: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;

      // Exit (Failed)
      return 1;
   }

   // Exit (Success)
   return 0;
}

// Includes
#include <iostream>
#include <mariadb/conncpp.hpp>

// Main Process
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
   try {
      // Instantiate Driver
      sql::Driver* driver = sql::mariadb::get_driver_instance();

      // Configure Connection
      // The URL or TCP connection string format is
      // ``jdbc:mariadb://host:port/database``.
      sql::SQLString url("jdbc:mariadb://192.0.2.1:3306/test");

      // Use a properties map for the user name and password
      //The ``useTls`` option enables TLS
      //The ``tlsCA`` option specifies path to a PEM file that contains a X509 certificate for trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs).
      sql::Properties properties({
            {"user", "db_user"},
            {"password", "db_user_password"},
            {"useTls", "true"},
            {"tlsCA", "tls-ca-root.pem"}
         });

      // Establish Connection
      // Use a smart pointer for extra safety
      std::unique_ptr<sql::Connection> conn(driver->connect(url, properties));

      // Use Connection
      // ...

      // Close Connection
      conn->close();
   }

   // Catch Exceptions
   catch (sql::SQLException& e) {
      std::cerr << "Error Connecting to the database: "
         << e.what() << std::endl;

      // Exit (Failed)
      return 1;
   }

   // Exit (Success)
   return 0;
}