The Ultimate Guide to High Availability with MariaDB

Installing MariaDB Binary Packages

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This page contains installation instructions for a MariaDB binary distribution.

Contents

  1. Binary Tarballs (mariadb-VERSION-OS.tar.gz)
    1. Installing MariaDB as root in /usr/local/mysql
    2. Installing MariaDB as not root in any directory
    3. Post installation
  2. Running several MariaDB / MySQL binaries on the same computer
  3. Linux Distributions Which Include MariaDB
  4. Debian .deb Files
  5. From Source

Binary Tarballs (mariadb-VERSION-OS.tar.gz)

Short version:
To install the binaries, unpack the distribution into the directory of your choice and run the mysql_install_db script.

In the example below we install MariaDB in the /usr/local/mysql directory (this is the default location for MariaDB for many platforms). However any other directory should work too.

We install the binary with a symlink to the original name. This is done so that you can easily change MariaDB versions just by moving the symlink to point to another directory.

NOTE: For MariaDB 5.1.32 only the line "./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql" should be changed to "./bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql"

Installing MariaDB as root in /usr/local/mysql

If you have root access to the system, you probably want to install MariaDB under the user and group 'mysql' (too keep compatibility with MySQL installations):

groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
cd /usr/local
gunzip < /path-to/mariadb-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xf -
ln -s mariadb-VERSION-OS mysql
cd mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data

To start mysqld you should now do:

./bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &

Installing MariaDB as not root in any directory

Below, change /usr/local to the directory of your choice.

cd /usr/local
gunzip < /path-to/mariadb-VERSION-OS.tar.gz | tar xf -
ln -s mariadb-VERSION-OS mysql
cd mysql
./scripts/mysql_install_db

To start mysqld you should now do:

./bin/mysqld_safe &

Post installation

After this, remember to set proper passwords for all accounts accessible from untrusted sources, to avoid exposing the host to security risks! Also consider using the mysql.server to start MariaDB automatically when your system boots.

Our MariaDB binaries are similar to the Generic binaries available for the MySQL binary distribution. So for more options on using these binaries, the MySQL 5.1 manual entry on installing generic binaries can be consulted.

For details on the exact steps used to build the binaries, see the compiling MariaDB section of the KB.

Running several MariaDB / MySQL binaries on the same computer

The main problem in having many MariaDB instances running on the same computer is that you will get conflicts between port and sockets.

The solution for this, when you want to have your own installation of MariaDB, is to add something like this in your /.my.cnf file:

[client]
# TCP port to use to connect to mysqld server
port=3306
# Socket to use to connect to mysqld server
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[mariadb]
# TCP port to make available for clients
port=3306
#  Socket to make available for clients
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
# Where MariaDB should store all it's data
data=/usr/local/mysql/data

The above are the default values. Change them to some unique values for your installation.

The above should be enough to get mysqld to start and for clients like mysql to connect to it. Documentation for other options can be found here.

To check what values mysqld is using, you can do:

mysqld --print-defaults

To list the default values, check the end of:

mysqld --help --verbose

If your problem is that mysqld reads options from system my.cnf files (like /etc/my.cnf) you can force it to only read one specific configuration file:

mysqld --defaults-file=~/.my.cnf

Linux Distributions Which Include MariaDB

The following Linux distributions include MariaDB in their package repositories. For these you can use the distribution's management system to install MariaDB.

Debian .deb Files

Here are the commands we used on Debian 5 amd64 to install MariaDB 5.1.42 (other Debian-based distributions should be similar):

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install libdbi-perl libdbd-mysql-perl psmisc
sudo dpkg --install mysql-common_5.1.42-mariadb73_all.deb
sudo dpkg --install libmariadbclient16_5.1.42-mariadb73_amd64.deb libmysqlclient16_5.1.42-mariadb73_amd64.deb \
mariadb-client_5.1.42-mariadb73_all.deb mariadb-client-5.1_5.1.42-mariadb73_amd64.deb mariadb-server_5.1.42-mariadb73_all.deb \
mariadb-server-5.1_5.1.42-mariadb73_amd64.deb

The .deb files can be downloaded from http://downloads.askmonty.org.

From Source

See the Compiling page for instructions on compiling and installing MariaDB from source.

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