Diagnostics Area
The diagnostics area contains information about the error conditions which were produced by an SQL statement, as well as some information about the statement which generated them.
Statement Information
The statement information area contains the following data:
NUMBERis the number of conditions which are present in the diagnostics area.ROW_COUNThas the same value as the ROW_COUNT() function for the statement that produced the conditions.
Condition Information
Each condition has several properties, which are explained here.
Data Types and Sizes
The following table shows the type and size of all the properties:
RETURNED_SQLSTATE
VARCHAR(5)
MYSQL_ERRNO
SMALLINT UNSIGNED
MESSAGE_TEXT
VARCHAR(512)
CLASS_ORIGIN
VARCHAR(64)
SUBCLASS_ORIGIN
VARCHAR(64)
CONSTRAINT_CATALOG
VARCHAR(64)
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA
VARCHAR(64)
CONSTRAINT_NAME
VARCHAR(64)
CATALOG_NAME
VARCHAR(64)
SCHEMA_NAME
VARCHAR(64)
TABLE_NAME
VARCHAR(64)
COLUMN_NAME
VARCHAR(64)
CURSOR_NAME
VARCHAR(64)
These properties can never be set to NULL. If they are empty, the empty string is used.
Common Condition Properties
The most common ones have a value for all built-in errors, and can be read both via SQL and via the API:
RETURNED_SQLSTATE is the SQLSTATE of the condition. It is a five characters code, composed by a class (first two characters) and a subclass (last three characters). For more information about this property, refer to the SQLSTATE page.
MYSQL_ERRNO is the error code. Each built-in condition has a unique numeric code. 0 indicates success, but it cannot be explicitly set or read via SQL. For a list of built-in error codes, refer to MariaDB Error Codes. The API function to read it is mysql_errno().
MESSAGE_TEXT is a descriptive, human-readable message. For built-in errors, parsing this string is the only way to get more information about the error. For example, parsing a message like "Table 'tab1' already exists", a program can find out that the missing table is tab1. The API function to read it is mysql_error().
For conditions generated by the user via SIGNAL, if MYSQL_ERRNO and MESSAGE_TEXT are not specified, their default values depend on the first two SQLSTATE characters:
'00' means 'success'. It can not be set in any way, and can only be read via the API.
For '01' class, default
MYSQL_ERRNOis 1642 and defaultMESSAGE_TEXTis 'Unhandled user-defined warning condition'.For '02' class, default
MYSQL_ERRNOis 1643 and defaultMESSAGE_TEXTis 'Unhandled user-defined not found condition'.For all other cases, including the '45000' value, default
MYSQL_ERRNOis 1644 and defaultMESSAGE_TEXTis 'Unhandled user-defined exception condition'.
Special Condition Properties
There are more condition properties, which are never set for built-in errors. They can only be set via SIGNAL and RESIGNAL statements, and can only be read via GET DIAGNOSTICS - not via the API. Such properties are:
CLASS_ORIGIN indicates whether the SQLSTATE uses a standard class or a software-specific class. If it is defined in the SQL standards document ISO 9075-2 (section 24.1, SQLSTATE), this property's value is supposed to be 'ISO 9075', otherwise it is supposed to be 'MySQL'. However, any string is accepted.
SUBCLASS_ORIGIN indicates whether the SQLSTATE uses a standard subclass or a software-specific class. If the SQLSTATE is defined in the SQL standards document ISO 9075-2 (section 24.1, SQLSTATE), this property's value is supposed to be 'ISO 9075', otherwise it is supposed to be 'MySQL'. However, any string is accepted.
SCHEMA_NAME indicates in which schema (database) the error occurred.
TABLE_NAME indicates the name of the table which was accessed by the failed statement.
COLUMN_NAME indicates the name of the column which was accessed by the failed statement.
CONSTRAINT_NAME indicates the name of the constraint that was violated.
CONSTRAINT_SCHEMA indicates in which schema the violated constraint is located.
CURSOR_NAME indicates the name of the cursor which caused the error.
The following properties can be used and are defined in the standard SQL, but have no meaning because MariaDB doesn't currently support catalogs:
CATALOG_NAME is used by the standard SQL to indicate in which catalog the error occurred.
CONSTRAINT_CATALOG is used by the standard SQL to indicate in which catalog the violated constraint is located.
How the Diagnostics Area is Populated and Cleared
When a statement produces one or more error conditions (errors, warnings, notes) the conditions are inserted into the diagnostics area, and the statement information area is updated with that statement’s information. Usually, this also clears all the old conditions from the diagnostics area, but there is an exception: if the new statement is a correctly parsed RESIGNAL or GET DIAGNOSTICS, the old contents will remain in the diagnostics area. SIGNAL clears the old conditions.
When a table-based statement (like INSERT) is executed, the old data in the diagnostics area is cleared even if the statement doesn't produce any condition. However, statements which don't access any table (like SET, or a SELECT with no FROM clause) is executed and produces no warnings, the diagnostics area remains unchanged.
The maximum number of conditions that can be in the diagnostics area is max_error_count. If this value is 0, the diagnostics area is empty. If this variable is changed, the new value takes effect with the next statement (that is, the diagnostics area is not immediately truncated).
How to Access the Diagnostics Area
The following statements explicitly add conditions to the diagnostics area:
SIGNAL: produces a custom error.
RESIGNAL: after an error is produced, generates a modified version of that error.
The following statements read contents from the diagnostics area:
GET DIAGNOSTICS is the only way to read all information.
SHOW WARNINGS shows a summary of errors, warnings and notes.
SHOW ERRORS shows a summary of errors.
DECLARE HANDLER can be used to handle error conditions within stored programs.
DECLARE CONDITION can be used to associate an SQLSTATE or an error code to a name. That name can be referenced in DECLARE HANDLER, SIGNAL and RESIGNAL statements.
All these statements can also be executed inside a stored routine. However, only SHOW WARNINGS and SHOW ERRORS can be executed as a prepared statement. After an EXECUTE statement, the diagnostics area contains information about the prepared statement, if it produces error conditions.
See Also
This page is licensed: CC BY-SA / Gnu FDL
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